Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T11:19:30.703Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

CAMDEX: A Standardised Instrument for the Diagnosis of Mental Disorder in the Elderly with Special Reference to the Early Detection of Dementia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

M. Roth ,
E. Tym ,
C. Q. Mountjoy ,
F. A. Huppert ,
H. Hendrie ,
S. Verma  and
R. Goddard
M. Roth*
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
E. Tym
Affiliation:
Hinchingbrooke Hospital
C. Q. Mountjoy
Affiliation:
Northampton
F. A. Huppert
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge Medical School
H. Hendrie
Affiliation:
Indiana University
S. Verma
Affiliation:
Michigan State University
R. Goddard
Affiliation:
West Suffolk Hospital
*
Level 5, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A new interview schedule for the diagnosis and measurement of dementia in the elderly is described. The schedule named the Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly Examination (CAMDEX), consists of three main sections: (1) A structured clinical Interview with the patient to obtain systematic information about the present state, past history and family history; (2) a range of objective cognitive tests which constitute a minineuropsychological battery; (3) a structured Interview with a relative or other Informant to obtain Independent Information about the respondent's present state, past history and family history. The CAMDEX Is acceptable to patients, has a high inter-rater reliability and the cognitive section has been shown to have high sensitivity and specificity.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 149 , Issue 6 , December 1986 , pp. 698 - 709
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed.) DSM-III. Washington, DC: Division of Public Affairs, APA.Google Scholar
Anthony, J. C., Le Resche, L. A., Niaz, U., von Korff, M. R. & Folstein, M. F.(1982) Limits of the Mini-Mental State as a screening test for dementia and delirium among hospital patients. Psychological Medicine, 12, 397–408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berg, L., Danziger, W. L., Storandt, M., Coben, L. A., Gado, M., Hughes, C. P., Knesevich, J. W. & Botwinick, J.(1984) Predictive features in mild senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Neurology, 34, 563–569.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergmann, K., Gaber, L. B. & Foster, E. M.(1975) The development of an instrument for ascertainment of psychiatric disorder in elderly community residents. A pilot study. In Geronto-Psychiatrie, Vol. 4 (eds R. Degwitz, H. Radebold, & P. W. Schulte). Freiburg: Janssen Symposium.Google Scholar
Blessed, G., Tomlinson, B. E. & Roth, M.(1968) The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile change in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects. British Journal of Psychiatry, 114, 797–811.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Copeland, J. R. M., Kelleher, M. J., Kellett, J. M., Gourlay, A. J., Gurland, B. J., Aleiss, J. L. & Sharpe, L.(1976) A semistructured clinical interview for the assessment of diagnosis and mental state in the elderly: The Geriatric Mental State Schedule. I. Development and reliability. Psychological Medicine, 6, 439–449.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Folstein, M. F. Folstein, S. E. & McHugh, P. R.(1975) “Minimental State”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guilford, J. P. & Fruchter, B.(1981) Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and Education. McGraw-Hill Kogakuska, Ltd. Google Scholar
Gurland, B. J., Kuriansky, J., Sharpe, L., Simon, R., Stiller, P. & Birkett, P.(1977) The comprehensive assessment and referral evaluation (CARE). Rationale, development and reliability. International Journal of Ageing and Human Development, 8(1), 9–42.Google Scholar
Hachinski, V. V., Iliff, L. D., Zihlka, E., Du Boulay, G. H., McAllister, V. L., Marshall, J., Ross Russell, R. W., Symon, L. (1975) Cerebral blood flow in dementia. Archives of Neurology, 32, 632–637.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henderson, A. S. & Huppert, F. A.(1984) The problem of mild dementia. Psychological Medicine, 14, 5–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henderson, A. S. & Huppert, F. A., Duncan-Jones, P. & Finlay-Jones, R. A.(1983) The reliability of the Geriatric Mental State Examination. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 87, 281–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heston, L. L.(1984) Down's syndrome and Alzheimer's dementia: defining an association. Psychological Development, 4, 287–294.Google Scholar
Heston, L. L. Mastri, A. R. (1977) The genetics of Alzheimer's disease: Associations with hematologic malignancy and Down's syndrome. Archives of General Psychiatry, 34, 976–981.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hughes, C. P., Berg, L., Danziger, W. L., Coben, L. A. & Martin, R. L.(1982) A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 566–572.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huppert, F. A., Mountjoy, C. Q., Tym, E., Goddard, R. & Roth, M.(1986) Assessment of cognitive function and the diagnosis of dementia. (To be submitted) Google Scholar
Kahn, R. L., Goldfarb, A. L., Pollack, M. & Peck, A.(1960) Brief objective measures for the determination of mental status in the aged. American Journal of Psychiatry, 117, 326–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendrick, D. C.(1972) The Kendrick Battery of Tests: theoretical assumptions and clinical uses. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 11, 373–386.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendrick, D. C. & Moves, I. C. A.(1979) Activity, depression, medication and performance on the revised Kendrick Battery. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18, 341–350.Google Scholar
Reisberg, B., Ferris, S. H., De Leon, M. J. & Crook, T.(1982) The Global Deterioration Scale for assessment of primary degenerative dementia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 1136–1139.Google ScholarPubMed
Roberts, M. A. & Caird, F. I.(1976) Computerized tomography and intellectual impairment in the elderly. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 39, 986–989.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robins, L. N., Helzer, J. E., Croughan, J. & Ratcliffe, K. S.(1981) National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Its history, characteristics and validity. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 381–389.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roth, M.(1981) The diagnosis of dementia in late and middle life. In The Epidemiology of Dementia (eds J. A. Mortimer and L. M. Schuman) Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Roth, M. & Hopkins, B.(1953) Psychological test performance in patients over 60.I. Senile psychosis and the affective disorders of old age. Journal of Mental Sciences, 99, 439–450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N.(1974) The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. London: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.