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Amnesia

Organic and Psychogenic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

M. D. Kopelman
M. D. Kopelman*
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
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Abstract

This paper describes the clinical features of selected examples of organic and psychogenic amnesia, and it discusses the nature of the dysfunction that these amnesias entail. The anterograde component of organic amnesia involves a severe impairment in acquiring (or learning) new information, rather than accelerated forgetting, and this may reflect an underlying limbic or neurochemical dysfunction. Retrograde amnesia has a basis which is (at least partially) independent of anterograde amnesia - in some patients, it appears to involve a failure to reconstruct past experience from contextual cues, and this may reflect a superimposed frontal dysfunction. Two types of confabulation are discussed, one of which (‘provoked’) is a normal response to poor memory, and the other ('spontaneous’) appears to reflect incoherent, context-free retrieval, associated with more severe frontal pathology. It is argued that many cases of psychogenic amnesia may resemble organic amnesia, in that they result from an impaired acquisition of information at the time of initial input, perhaps thereby predisposing the subject to subsequent retrieval difficulties.

Type
Review Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 150 , Issue 4 , April 1987 , pp. 428 - 442
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

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