Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T08:33:27.382Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Small Intestine Permeability in Schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

M. Timothy Lambert ,
Ingvar Bjarnason ,
James B. Connelly ,
Timothy J. Crow ,
Eve C. Johnstone ,
Timothy J. Peters  and
Paul Robert Smethurst
M. Timothy Lambert*
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Academic Department of Psychiatry, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London
Ingvar Bjarnason
Affiliation:
Section of Gastroenterology, Division of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow
James B. Connelly
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, London
Timothy J. Crow
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre, Harrow
Eve C. Johnstone
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre, Harrow
Timothy J. Peters
Affiliation:
Clinical Research Centre, Harrow
Paul Robert Smethurst
Affiliation:
Division of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow
*
∗Academic Department of Psychiatry, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London W2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by means of absorption of 51Cr-labelled EDTA in 24 patients with schizophrenia (12 in relapse and 12 in remission). The results were compared with those for patients with coeliac disease and those for normal controls. Significant differences between the schizophrenic patients and the normal controls were not established. The results for the schizophrenic patients in remission were no different from those for the patients in relapse, and there was no evidence from the study of an effect on gastrointestinal permeability of either anticholinergic or antidepressant medication. It is concluded that schizophrenia is, at least in the majority of cases, unrelated to coeliac disease.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 155 , Issue 5 , November 1989 , pp. 619 - 622
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1989 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ashkenazi, A., Krasilowsky, D., Levin, S., et al (1979) Immunologic reaction of psychotic patients to fractions of gluten. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 1306–1309.Google Scholar
Bjarnason, I., Peters, T. J. & Veall, N. (1983) A persistent defect in intestinal permeability in coeliac disease demonstrated by a 51Cr-labelled EDTA absorption test. Lancet, i, 323–325.Google Scholar
Bjarnason, I., Ward, K. & Peters, T. J. (1984a) The leaky gut of alcoholism: possible route of entry for toxic compounds. Lancet, i, 179–182.Google Scholar
Bjarnason, I., So, A., Levi, A. J., et al (1984b) Intestinal permeability and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis: effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Lancet, ii, 1171–1174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crow, T. J. (1983) Is schizophrenia an infectious disease? Lancet, i, 173–175.Google Scholar
Dohan, F. C. (1970) Coeliac disease and schizophrenia. Lancet, i, 897–898.Google Scholar
Dohan, F. C. (1983) More on celiac disease as a model for schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 18, 561–564.Google Scholar
Dohan, F. C., Grasberger, J. C., Lowell, F. M., et al (1969) Relapsed schizophrenics: more rapid improvement on a milk and cereal-free diet. British Journal of Psychiatry, 15, 595–596.Google Scholar
Dohan, F. C., Martin, L., Grasberger, J. C., et al (1972) Antibodies to wheat gliadin in blood of psychiatric patients: possible role of emotional factors. Biological Psychiatry, 5, 127–137.Google Scholar
Dohan, F. C. & Grasberger, J. C. (1973) Relapsed schizophrenics: earlier discharge from the hospital after cereal-free, milk-free diet. American Journal of Psychiatry, 130, 685–688.Google Scholar
Dohan, F. C., Harper, E. H., Clark, M. H., et al (1984) Is schizophrenia rare if grain is rare? Biological Psychiatry, 19, 385–399.Google ScholarPubMed
Feighner, J. P., Robins, E., Guze, S. B., et al (1972) Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Archives of General Psychiatry, 26, 57–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heston, L. L. (1966) Psychiatric disorders in foster-home-reared children of schizophrenic mothers. British Journal of Psychiatry, 112, 819–825.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kallman, F. J. (1946) The genetic theory of schizophrenia: an analysis of 691 index families. American Journal of Psychiatry, 103, 309–322.Google Scholar
Kety, S. S., Rosenthal, D., Wender, P. H., et al (1971) Mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted schizophrenics. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 302–306.Google Scholar
Kinnell, H. G., Kirkwood, E. & Lewis, C. (1982) Food antibodies in schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 12, 85–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krawiecka, M., Goldberg, D. & Vaughan, M. (1977) A standardised psychiatric assessment scale for rating chronic psychotic patients. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 55, 299–308.Google Scholar
Mascord, I., Freed, D. & Durrant, B. (1978) Antibodies to foodstuffs in schizophrenia. British Medical Journal, i, 1351.Google Scholar
McGuffin, P., Gardiner, P. & Swinburne, L. M. (1981) Schizophrenia coeliac disease and antibodies to food. Biological Psychiatry, 16, 281–285.Google Scholar
McMahon, P. & Pugh, T. (1970) In Epidemiology: Principles and Methods. Boston: Little, Brown & Co.Google Scholar
Potkin, S. G., Weinberger, D., Kleinman, J., et al (1981) Wheat gluten challenge in schizophrenic patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 1208–1211.Google Scholar
Rice, J. R., Ham, C. H. & Fore, W. E. (1978) Another look at gluten in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 135, 1417–1418.Google Scholar
Rix, K. J. B., Ditchfield, J., Freed, D. L. J., et al (1985) Food antibodies in acute psychosis. Psychological Medicine, 15, 347–354.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, D., Wender, P. H., Kety, S. S., et al (1971) The adopted offspring of schizophrenics. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 307–311.Google Scholar
Singh, M. M. & Kay, S. R. (1976) Wheat gluten as a pathogenic factor in schizophrenia. Science, 191, 401–402.Google Scholar
Slater, E. & Cowie, V. (1971) The Genetics of Mental Disorders. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Storms, L. H., Clopton, J. M. & Wright, C. (1982) Effects of gluten on schizophrenics. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 323–327.Google Scholar
Vlissides, D. N., Venulet, A. & Jenner, F. A. (1986) A double-blind gluten-free/gluten-loaded controlled trial in a secure ward population. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 447–452.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974) The Description and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms: An Instruction Manual for the PSE and Catego Systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wood, N. C., Hamilton, I., Axon, A. T. R., et al (1987) Abnormal intestinal permeability: an aetiological factor in chronic psychiatric disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 853–856.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.