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Prevalence and Cluster Typology of Maladaptive Behaviours in a Geographically Defined Population of Adults with Learning Disabilities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Susan Smith ,
David Branford ,
Richard A. Collacott ,
Sally-Ann Cooper  and
Catherine McGrother
Susan Smith
Affiliation:
Frith Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QF
David Branford
Affiliation:
Frith Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QF
Richard A. Collacott*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester LE3 9QF
Sally-Ann Cooper
Affiliation:
St. Mary's Hospital, Kettering, Northants NN15 7PW
Catherine McGrother
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Leicester ZE1 6TP
*
Dr R. A. Collacott, Department of Psychiatry, University of Leicester, Frith Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QF
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Abstract

Background

Maladaptive behaviours are frequently present in individuals with learning disabilities; however, their prevalence varies between studies and the aetiology, classification and most appropriate management of such behaviours remain unclear. The aims of the study were twofold: firstly to determine the prevalence of maladaptive behaviours, and secondly to develop a classification typology.

Method

A population of 2202 adults with learning disabilities was surveyed to determine the prevalence of maladaptive behaviours. These were subjected on the basis of 13 behavioural characteristics to cluster analysis. The clusters were further examined in respect of secondary variables.

Results

Over 60% of individuals demonstrated the presence of at least one maladaptive behaviour and in 40% this problem was of either severe degree or frequent occurrence. Men were more likely to demonstrate physical aggression, property destruction, tantrums and verbal abuse than women. Although some severe maladaptive behaviours diminished with age, many persisted through all age groups. Six behavioural clusters were devised which demonstrated face validity and which differed in respect of demographic and developmental variables, and the prevalence of maladaptive habits and autistic symptoms.

Conclusions

These findings demonstrate a high prevalence of maladaptive behaviours and ‘objectionable habits’ among people with learning disabilities. A classification of behavioural symptoms may be possible on the basis of symptom clusters.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 169 , Issue 2 , August 1996 , pp. 219 - 227
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

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