Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T16:19:48.808Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Coping Strategies of Schizophrenic Patients and their Relationship to Outcome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Peter W. H. Lee ,
F. Lieh-Mak ,
K. K. Yu  and
J. A. Spinks
Peter W. H. Lee*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
F. Lieh-Mak
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
K. K. Yu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
J. A. Spinks
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong
*
∗Correspondence
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The experience and perception of effective sources of help of 101 schizophrenic patients were studied. A combination of professional help, social support, and self-coping efforts was listed as helpful. The more experiences patients had with the various sources of help, the better were their outcomes. Premorbid adjustment, exposure to the magnitude and nature of helpful sources, as well as the patients' own ability and motivation to make use of available helpful sources were thought to be important mediating variables for a better outcome. Apart from psychotropic medications, over half of the patients were not using any one of the sources of help mentioned. It remains an important research question whether or not schizophrenic patients may benefit from direct coaching in self-help skills in conjunction with making optimal use of professional and environmental supports.

Type
Research Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 163 , Issue 2 , August 1993 , pp. 177 - 182
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1993 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn, revised) (DSM-III-R). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
Anthony, W. A. (1979) Principles of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Baltimore: University Park Press.Google Scholar
Anthony, W. A. & Liberman, R. P. (1986) The practice of psychiatric rehabilitation: historical, conceptual, and research base. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 12, 542–559.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brenner, H. D. (1987) On the importance of cognitive disorders in treatment and rehabilitation. In Psychosocial Treatment of Schizophrenia (eds Strauss, J. S., Boker, W. & Brenner, H. D.), pp. 136–151. Toronto: Huber Press.Google Scholar
Brenner, H. D., Boker, W., Müller, J., et al (1987) On autoprotective efforts of schizophrenics, neurotics and controls. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 75, 405–414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breier, A. & Strauss, J. S. (1983) Self-control in psychiatric disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 40, 1141–1145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carpenter, W. T. Jr (1986) Thoughts on the treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 12, 529–539.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carr, V. (1988) Patients' techniques for coping with schizophrenia: an exploratory study. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 61, 339–352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, C. I. & Birk, L. A. (1985) Personal coping styles of schizophrenic out-patients. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 36, 407–410.Google Scholar
Davies, J. M., Schaffer, C. B., Killian, G. A., et al (1980) Important issues in the drug treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 6, 70–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falloon, I. R. H., Boyd, J. L., McGill, C. W., et al (1985) Family management in the prevention of morbidity of schizophrenia: clinical outcome of a two-year longitudinal study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42, 887–896.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldstein, M. J. (1989) Psychosocial treatment of schizophrenia. In Schizophrenia: Scientific Progress (eds Schulz, S. C. & Tamminga, C. A.), pp. 318–324. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Heinrichs, D. W. & Carpenter, W. T. Jr (1981) The efficacy of individual psychotherapy: a perspective and review emphasizing controlled outcome studies. In The American Handbook of Psychiatry, Vol. VIII (eds Arieti, S. & Brodie, H. K.), pp. 586–613. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Hogarty, G. E., Goldberg, S. C. & Schooler, N. R. (1974) Drug and sociotherapy in the aftercare of schizophrenic patients: III. Adjustment of non-relapsed patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 31, 609–618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hogarty, G. E., Schooler, N. R., Ulrich, R., et al (1979) Fluphenazine and social therapy in the aftercare of schizophrenic patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 36, 1283–1294.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leff, J. P. & Wing, J. K. (1971) Trial of maintenance therapy in schizophrenia. British Medical Journal, iii, 599–604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leff, J. P. & Vaughn, C. E. (1985) Expressed Emotion in Families. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Liberman, R. P. (1982) What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia Bulletin, 8, 435–437.Google Scholar
Mayer-Gross, W., Slater, E. & Roth, M. (1960) Clinical Psychiatry (2nd edn). London: Cassell.Google Scholar
Meichenbaum, D. & Cameron, R. (1973) Training schizophrenics to talk to themselves: a means of developing attentional controls. Behavior Therapy, 4, 515–534.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Möller, H. J., Schmid-Bode, W., Cörding-Tommel, C., et al (1988) Psychopathological and social outcome in schizophrenia versus affective/schizoaffective psychoses and prediction of poor outcome in schizophrenia: results from a 5–8 year follow-up. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 77, 379–389.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mosher, J. R. & Meltzer, H. Y. (1984) Drugs and psychosocial treatment. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 8–9.Google Scholar
Nuechterlein, K. H. (1982) Schizophrenic information processing deficit: what type or level of processing is disordered? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 609–610.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nuechterlein, K. H. & Dawson, M. E. (1986) Information processing and attentional functioning in the developmental course of schizophrenic disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 160–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rollin, H. R. (1980) Coping with Schizophrenia. London: Burnett, National Schizophrenia Fellowship.Google Scholar
Schooler, N. R. & Carpenter, W. T. Jr (1983) New drug treatment strategies in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 9, 500–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spaulding, W. D., Storms, L., Goodrich, V., et al (1986) Applications of experimental psychopathology in rehabilitation. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 12, 560–577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanton, A. H., Gunderson, J. G., Knapp, P. H., et al (1984) Effects of psychotherapy in schizophrenia: I. Design and implementation of a controlled study. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 520–551.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strachan, A. M., Goldstein, M. J. & Miklowitz, D. J. (1986) Do relatives express expressed emotion? In Treatment of Schizophrenia: Family Assessment and Intervention (eds Goldstein, M. J., Hand, I. & Hahlweg, K.), pp. 51–58. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strauss, J. S. (1986) Discussion: what does rehabilitation accomplish? Schizophrenia Bulletin, 12, 720–723.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strauss, J. S. & Carpenter, W. T. Jr (1972) The prediction of outcome of schizophrenia: I. Characteristics of outcome. Archives of General Psychiatry, 27, 739–746.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strauss, J. S. & Carpenter, W. T. Jr (1978) The prognosis of schizophrenia: rationale for a multidimensional concept. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 4, 56–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, J. K. (1987) Has the outcome of schizophrenia changed? British Medical Journal, 43, 741–753.Google ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization (1979) Schizophrenia: An International Follow-up Study. Toronto: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Zubin, J. & Spring, B. (1977) Vulnerability - a new view of schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 103–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.