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Use of meteorological measurements for computing refractional effects - a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2015

P.V. Angus-Leppan
P.V. Angus-Leppan*
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Abstract

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Corrections which are dependent on the atmosphere include the first and second velocity corrections and the curvature correction in EDM, and the refraction correction for trigonometric heighting. Generalised correction formulae have been developed to make use of variable values of the refractivity N and the coefficient of refraction k. There are no universally applicable values of these parameters, so atmospheric models of the temperature gradient and, for microwaves, the humidity gradient, are needed to represent the very significant variations. The models should take into account variations due to meteorological factors, surface conditions and the height above the surface. Many models for the vertical gradients have been produced. That of Brocks (1948) is very important and has been widely used and developed by researchers. More recently Monin and Obukhov, basing their work on the physics of the lower atmosphere and dimensional analysis, have included equations for the vertical gradients in their turbulence theory. The Turbulent Transfer Model, which embodies later results in this theory, is currently being refined and developed for geodetic applications.

Type
Review Article
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 89: Refractional Influences in Astrometry Andgeodesy , 1979 , pp. 165 - 178
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1979 

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