Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T22:34:40.991Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

TeV Gamma–Ray Absorption and the Intergalactic Infrared Background

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2016

F. W. Stecker*
Affiliation:
Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

In this paper, I will take a synoptic approach to determining the intergalactic infrared radiation field (IIRF). This approach draws on both the multi-TeV γ-ray observations and the infrared background observations and relates them via the semi-empirical modelling method of Malkan & Stecker. I discuss the evidence for an intergalactic infrared background obtained by an analysis of the HEGRA observations of the high energy γ-ray spectrum of Mrk 501 and from constraints from Mrk 421 deduced from the Whipple air Cherenkov telescope results. I will show that this evidence is in accord with the predictions made by Malkan & Stecker (1998) for the intergalactic infrared spectral energy distribution produced by galaxies. The Malkan-Stecker predictions are also in excellent agreement with mid-infrared galaxy counts. However, there may be potential problems relating these predictions with the results of the analysis of COBE–DIRBE far infrared data. The γ-ray and COBE–DIRBE observations may also need to be reconciled. I will discuss possible ways to resolve this situation including a partial nullification of the γ-ray absorption process which can hypothetically occur if Lorentz invariance is broken.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of the Pacific 2001 

References

Aharonian, F., et al. 1997, A&A, 327, L5 Google Scholar
Aharonian, F., et al. 1999, A&A, 342, 69 Google Scholar
Altieri, B., et al. 1999, A&A, 343, L65 Google Scholar
Amelino-Camilia, G., et al. 1998, Nature, 393, 763 Google Scholar
Bertelli, G., et al. 1994, A&AS, 106, 275.Google Scholar
Bertin, E., Dennefeld, M., & Moshir, M. 1997, A&A, 323, 685 Google Scholar
Biller, S.D. et al. 1998, Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, 2992 Google Scholar
Blain, A.W., & Natarajan, P. 2000, MNRAS, 312, L39 Google Scholar
Bloom, E.D. 1996, Space Sci.Rev., 75, 109 Google Scholar
Bruzual, A.G., & Chariot, S. 1993, ApJ, 457, 538 Google Scholar
Chariot, S., & Bruzual, A.G. 1991, ApJ, 405, 625 Google Scholar
Coleman, S., & Glashow, S.L. 1999, Phys.Rev.D, 591, 528 (id. 116008).Google Scholar
Dwek, E., & Arendt, R. 1998, ApJ, 508, L9 Google Scholar
Dwek, E., & Slavin, J. 1994, ApJ, 436, 696 Google Scholar
Elbaz, D., et al. 2000, A&A Letters, in press, e-print astro-ph/9910496 Google Scholar
Fall, S. M., Chariot, S., & Pei, Y.C. 1996 ApJ, 464, L43 Google Scholar
Fixsen, D. J., et al. 1998, ApJ, 508, 123 Google Scholar
Franceschini, A., et al. 1998, MNRAS, 296, 709 Google Scholar
Glashow, S.L., & Stecker, F.W. 2000, in preparation.Google Scholar
Gorjian, V., Wright, E. L. & Chary, R. R. 2000, ApJ, 536, 550 Google Scholar
Gratton, R. G. et al. 1997, PASP, 402, 651 Google Scholar
Greisen, K. 1966, Phys.Rev.Lett, 16, 148 Google Scholar
Hauser, M., et al. 1998, ApJ, 508, 25 Google Scholar
Hopkins, A.M., Connolly, A. J. & Szalay, A. S. 2000, AJ, in press, e-print astro-ph/0009073 Google Scholar
Kifune, T. 1999 ApJ, 518, L21 Google Scholar
Konopelko, A.K. Kirk, J.G., Stecker, F.W., & Mastichiadas, A. 1999, ApJ, 518, L13 Google Scholar
Lagache, G., Haffner, L. M., Reynolds, R. J., & Tufte, S. L. 2000, A&A, 354, 247 Google Scholar
Lawrence, A., et al. 1986, MNRAS, 219, 687 Google Scholar
Lilly, S.J., et al. 1996, ApJ, 460, L1 Google Scholar
MacMinn, D., & Primack, J. R. 1996, Space Sci.Rev., 75, 413 Google Scholar
Madau, P. 1995, ApJ, 441, 18 Google Scholar
Madau, P. Pozzetti, L., & Dickinson, M. 1998, ApJ, 498, 106 Google Scholar
Malkan, M. A., & Stecker, F. W. 1998, ApJ, 496, 13 (MS98).Google Scholar
Malkan, M. A., & Stecker, F. W. 2000, ApJ, submitted, astro-ph/0009500 Google Scholar
McEnery, J. E., et al. 1997, Proc. 25th Intl. Cosmic Ray Conf., Durban, S. A., 3, 257 Google Scholar
Pei, Y.C., & Fall, S.M. 1995, ApJ, 454, 69 Google Scholar
Pozzetti, L., et al. 2001, in The Extragalactic Background and its Cosmological Implications, IAU Symp. Vol. 204, ed. Harwit, M. and Hauser, M. G., in press.Google Scholar
Puget, J–L., et al. 1999, A&A, 354, 29 Google Scholar
Salamon, M. H., & Stecker, F. W. 1998, ApJ, 493, 547 (SS98).Google Scholar
Sato, H., & Tati, T. 1972, Prog. Theor. Phys., 47, 1788 Google Scholar
Sreekumar, P., et al. 1998, ApJ, 494, 523 Google Scholar
Spinoglio, L., et al. 1995, ApJ, 453, 616 Google Scholar
Stanev, T., & Franceschini, A. 1998, ApJ, 494, 159 Google Scholar
Stecker, F. W. 1968, Phys.Rev.Lett, 21, 1016 Google Scholar
Stecker, F. W. & De Jager, O. C. 1993, ApJ, 415, L71 Google Scholar
Stecker, F. W., & De Jager, O. C. 1997, in Towards a Major Atmospheric Cerenkov Detector V, Proc. Kruger National Park Workshop on TeV Gamma Ray Astrophysics, ed. De Jager, O.C. (Potchefstroom: Wesprint), 39 Google Scholar
Stecker, F. W., & De Jager, O. C. 1998, A&A, 334, L85 (SD98).Google Scholar
Stecker, F. W., De Jager, O.C., & Salamon, M. H. 1992, ApJ, 390, L49 Google Scholar
Stecker, F. W., De Jager, O. C., & Salamon, M. H. 1996, ApJ, 473, L75 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stecker, F. W., & Salamon, M. H. 1996, ApJ, 464, 600 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steidel, C. C., et al. 1999, ApJ, 519, 1 Google Scholar
Totani, T., et al. 2001, in The Extragalactic Background and its Cosmological Implications, IAU Symp. Vol. 204, ed. Harwit, M. and Hauser, M. G., in press.Google Scholar
Worthey, G. 1994, ApJS, 95, 107.Google Scholar
Xu, C., et al. 1998, ApJ, 508, 576 Google Scholar
Zatsepin, G. T., & Kuz'min, V.A. 1966, JETP Lett., 4, 78 Google Scholar