Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T09:29:59.189Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Solar Wind – an Example of a Cosmical Plasma and a Stellar Wind

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2015

R. Lüst
R. Lüst*
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Physik und Astrophysik, Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Garching/München, Germany

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

When Parker developed the theory of the solar wind, he suggested that other stars might also be surrounded by an expanding atmosphere. This suggestion has been worked out by Deutsch (1958, 1960, 1961, 1969) and by Weymann (1960, 1963), who discussed coronal evaporation as a possible mechanism for mass loss in red giants and used hydrodynamical equations for describing the phenomena. During the last few years detailed observations of the solar wind have been made, and the theoretical approach has also been further developed. Both might help us in our understanding of problems of a quasi-stationary mass loss of stars. But besides its relevance for the study of other stellar winds, the solar wind is important, as it is the best observed cosmical plasma available for guidance in the study of other cosmical, collisionless plasmas. What makes the interplanetary plasma so important is that beyond several solar radii from the Sun there are no collisions among the gas particles (one solar radius [R⊙] is 7.0 × 1010 cm; 1 AU is 215 R⊙). Only near the Sun the collision rate is sufficiently high to maintain isotropy of the thermal particle motions and to produce ordinary fluid behavior. At larger distances from the Sun the fluid behavior is maintained by irregularities in weak magnetic fields and by micro-instabilities in the plasma.

Type
Part II: Interaction of Stars and Interstellar Medium
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 39: Interstellar Gas Dynamics , 1970 , pp. 249 - 262
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1970 

References

Axford, W. J.: 1968, Space Sci. Rev. 8, 331.Google Scholar
Axford, W. J., Dessler, A., and Gottlieb, B.: 1963, Astrophys. J. 137, 1268.Google Scholar
Barnes, A.: 1968, Astrophys. J. 154, 751.Google Scholar
Barnes, A.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 155, 311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandt, J. C.: 1964, Icarus 3, 253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandt, J. C. and Heise, J.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 159, 1057.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clauser, F. H.: 1960, Contribution from the Johns Hopkins University AFOSR TN 60-1386.Google Scholar
Davis, L.: 1955, Phys. Rev. 100, 1440.Google Scholar
Dessler, A. J.: 1967, Rev. Geophys. 5, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deutsch, A.: 1958, Astron. J. 63, 49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deutsch, A.: 1960, in Stars and Stellar Systems, Vol. VI (ed. by Greenstein, J.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 543.Google Scholar
Deutsch, A.: 1961, in Aerodynamic Phenomena in Stellar Atmospheres (ed. by Thomas, R. N.), Zanichelli, Bologna, p. 238.Google Scholar
Deutsch, A.: 1969, in Mass Loss from Stars (ed. by Hack, M.), Reidel, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, p. 1.Google Scholar
Deutsch, A.: 1969, in Mass Loss from Stars (ed. by Hack, M.), Reidel, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, p. 1.Google Scholar
Egidi, A., Pizella, G., and Signorini, C.: 1969, J. Geophys. Res. 74, 2807.Google Scholar
Hartle, R. E. and Sturrock, P.A.: 1968, Astrophys. J. 151, 1155.Google Scholar
Hundhausen, A. J.: 1968a, Planetary Space Sci. 16, 783.Google Scholar
Hundhausen, A. J.: 1968b, Space Sci. Rev. 8, 690.Google Scholar
Hundhausen, A. J., Gilbert, H. E., and Bame, S. J.: 1968, Astrophys. J. Lett. 152, L3.Google Scholar
Jokipii, J. R. and Davis, L.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 156, 1101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jokipii, J. R. and Hollweg, H. V.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 160, 745.Google Scholar
Lüst, R.: 1962, Space Sci. Rev. 1, 522.Google Scholar
Lüst, R. and Schlüter, A.: 1955, Z. Astrophys. 38, 190.Google Scholar
Mestel, L.: 1968, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 138, 359.Google Scholar
Meyer, P., Parker, E. N., and Simpson, J. A.: 1956, Phys. Rev. 104, 768.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, F. and Pfirsch, D.: 1969, Kleinheubacher Berichte 243.Google Scholar
Mustel’, E.: 1964, Space Sci. Rev. 3, 319.Google Scholar
Ness, N. F.: 1968, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 6, 79.Google Scholar
Newman, R. C. and Axford, W. J.: 1968, Astrophys. J. 151, 1145.Google Scholar
O'Gallagher, J. J. and Simpson, J. A.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 147, 819.Google Scholar
Ogilvie, K. W. and Wilkenson, T. D.: 1969, Solar Phys. 8, 435.Google Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1958, Astrophys. J. 128, 664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1961, Astrophys. J. 134, 20.Google Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1962, Planetary Space Sci. 9, 461.Google Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1963, Interplanetary Dynamical Processes, Interscience, New York.Google Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1965, Space Sci. Rev. 4, 666.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1966, Planetary Space Sci. 14, 371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1969, Space Sci. Rev. 9, 325.Google Scholar
Schatzman, E.: 1959, IAU Symposium No. 10, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 129.Google Scholar
Schubert, G. and Coleman, P. J.: 1968, Astrophys. J. 153, 943.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, A. J. and Wang, J.: 1967, Astrophys. J. Lett. 149, L73.Google Scholar
Siscoe, G. L., Davis, L., Coleman, P. J., Smith, E. J., and Jones, D. E.: 1968, J. Geophys. Res. 73, 61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sturrock, P. A. and Hartle, R. E.: 1966, Phys. Rev. Lett. 16, 628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, E. J. and Davis, L.: 1967a, Astrophys. J. 148, 217.Google Scholar
Weber, E. J. and Davis, L.: 1967b, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 48, 171.Google Scholar
Weymann, R.: 1960, Astrophys. J. 132, 380.Google Scholar
Weymann, R.: 1963, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 1, 97.Google Scholar
Wilcox, J. M.: 1968, Space Sci. Rev. 8, 258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, R. E.: 1965, Astrophys. J. 142, 314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar