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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 February 2017
Massive main sequence stars are vibrationally unstable to small perturbations excited in the region of nuclear energy generation. This instability may, however, be limited at finite amplitude. Only the fundamental radial mode is unstable with an e-folding time of 105 to 106 pulsation periods; in contrast the overtones have damping times short compared with the growth time of the fundamental. Non-linear effects couple the linear modes. At very low amplitude the energy transfer time between modes is long compared with both growth and damping times and, as the overtones decay, a pure fundamental should result. However, as the amplitude increases, the transfer time becomes less than the growth and damping times. Energy can then be transferred from the fundamental to the overtones and damping can lead to a limitation of amplitude.