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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 August 2017
Three ways have been proposed to make elliptical galaxies: cooling by gas dynamical processes at late epochs, Compton cooling at early times and merging. These theories must address a variety of observational constraints, the most severe being the problems of slow rotation and high central phase densities. I look at some aspects of all three theories with particular attention to key numerical simulations and observations that can distinguish between the scenarios.