Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 August 2015
Cratering experiments for μm- and mm-sized iron- and steel-projectiles on various target materials show that crater depths and the ratios of crater diameter to crater depth D/T depend on the densities of the projectile- and target-material and on the ductility of the target material. Cratering experiments into low density material (Saffile ρ = 0.28 g/cm3) have produced elongated impact “craters”. For low target densities the “crater” depth is up to 100 times the projectile diameter, depending on its impact speed. This impact process leads to a complete accretion of the projectile mass within the target.