Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T11:47:42.389Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Can Disks Produce Companions by Gravitational Fragmentation?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2016

Richard H. Durisen
Richard H. Durisen*
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, Swain West 319, Indiana University, Bloomington IN 47405, U.S.A.

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The nonlinear outcome of gravitational instabilities in disks depends critically on the thermal physics of the gas. Under conditions where thermal energy is lost efficiently, disks disrupt into dense arms, arclets, and clumps. However, the evidence about whether clumps can ever become permanent bound objects is currently inconclusive. Under conditions where cooling is less efficient or where a balance between heating and cooling is achieved, the amplitudes reached by gravitational instabilities are relatively modest. The result is disk heating and transport of mass and angular momentum rather than condensation of bound companions. Future numerical simulations need to resolve the disk vertical structure and include more realistic equations of state and energy transport.

Type
IX. Theoretical Context - Detailed Calculations
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 200: The Formation of Binary Stars , 2001 , pp. 381 - 390
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of the Pacific 2001 

References

Adams, F. C., & Benz, W. 1992, in IAU Colloq. 135, Approaches to Double and Multiple Star Research, ed. McAlister, H. A. & Hartkopf, W. I. (San Francisco: ASP), 185.Google Scholar
Adams, F. C., Ruden, S. P., & Shu, F. H. 1989, ApJ, 347, 959.Google Scholar
Binney, J., & Tremaine, S. 1987, Galactic Dynamics (Princeton Univ. Press: Princeton)Google Scholar
Boss, A. P. 1997, Science, 276, 1836.Google Scholar
Boss, A. P. 1998, ApJ, 503, 923.Google Scholar
Boss, A. P. 2000, ApJL, in press.Google Scholar
Cameron, A. G. W. 1978, Moon Planets, 18, 5.Google Scholar
Cassen, P., & Moosman, A. 1981, Icarus, 48, 353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassen, P., & Woolum, D. 1996, ApJ, 472, 789.Google Scholar
D'Alessio, P., Canto, J., Calvet, N., & Lizano, S. 1998 ApJ, 500, 411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gammie, C. F. 1996, ApJ, 457, 355.Google Scholar
Korycansky, D. G., & Pringle, J. E. 1995, MNRAS, 272, 618.Google Scholar
Kuiper, G. P. 1951, PNAS, 37, 1.Google Scholar
Laughlin, G., & Bodenheimer, P. 1994, ApJ, 436, 335.Google Scholar
Laughlin, G., Korchagin, V., & Adams, F. C. 1998, ApJ, 504, 945.Google Scholar
Lubow, S. H., & Ogilvie, G. I. 1998, ApJ, 504, 983.Google Scholar
Nelson, A. F., Benz, W., Adams, F. C., & Arnett, D. 1998, ApJ, 502, 342.Google Scholar
Nelson, A. F., Benz, W., & Ruzmaikina, T. V. 2000, ApJ, 529, 357.Google Scholar
Papaloizou, J. C. B., & Lin, D. N. C. 1995, ARA&A, 33, 505.Google Scholar
Papaloizou, J. C. B., & Savonije, 1991, MNRAS, 248, 353.Google Scholar
Pickett, B. K., Cassen, P., Durisen, R. H., & Link, R. 1998, ApJ, 504, 468.Google Scholar
Pickett, B. K., Cassen, P., Durisen, R. H., & Link, R. 2000a, ApJ, 529, 1034 & Erratum ApJ, 530, 1106.Google Scholar
Pickett, B. K., Durisen, R. H., Cassen, P., & Mejia, A. C. 2000b, in IAU Symp. 200, Poster Proceedings, ed. Reipurth, B. & Zinnecker, H. (Potsdam), 190.Google Scholar
Pickett, B. K., Durisen, R. H., Cassen, P., & Mejia, A. C. 2000c, ApJL, subm..Google Scholar
Pollack, J. B., Hollenbach, D., Beckwith, S., Simonelli, D. P., Roush, T., & Fong, W. 1994, ApJ, 421, 615.Google Scholar
Shu, F. H., Tremaine, S., Adams, F. C., & Ruden, S. P. 1990, ApJ, 358, 495.Google Scholar
Tomley, L., Cassen, P., & Steiman-Cameron, T. Y. 1991, ApJ, 382, 530.Google Scholar
Tomley, L., Steiman-Cameron, T. Y., & Cassen, P. 1994, ApJ, 422, 850.Google Scholar
Toomre, A. 1981, in The Structure and Evolution of Normal Galaxies, ed. Fall, S. M. & Lynden-Bell, D. (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press), 111.Google Scholar
Truelove, J. K., Klein, R. I., McKee, C. F., Holliman, J. H., Howell, L. H., & Greenough, J. A. 1997, ApJL, 489, L179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wuchterl, G., Guillot, T., & Lissauer, J. J. 2000, in Protostars & Planets IV, ed. Mannings, V., Boss, A. P. & Russell, S. S. (Tucson: Univ. Arizona Press), in press.Google Scholar