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Brown Dwarfs as Ejected Stellar Embryos: Observational Perspectives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2016

Bo Reipurth  and
Cathie Clarke
Bo Reipurth
Affiliation:
Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Cathie Clarke
Affiliation:
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

Abstract

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We discuss a scenario in which brown dwarfs are formed like stars, except that their full collapse phases are interrupted through dynamical interactions in small multiple systems, leading to the ejection of the lightest member. This disintegration is a stochastic process, often resulting in the expulsion of newborn low mass stars, but when it occurs early enough the ejected stellar embryo will be a substellar object. This process may be so common at early ages that a large fraction of the ubiquitous brown dwarfs could have formed in this manner. Detailed gas dynamical simulations are required in order to better understand the details of the decay of small newborn multiple systems. We discuss the observational consequences of the ejection hypothesis, noting especially the importance of binaries with brown dwarf components as an observational test. Finally, we note that brown dwarfs that have recently been ejected may be so disturbed, by infall from the collapsing core and also by heavy accretion from perturbed circumstellar disks, that traditional spectral and luminosity criteria may fail to identify their substellar nature.

Type
Part 1. Genesis
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 211: Brown Dwarfs , 2003 , pp. 13 - 22
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of the Pacific 2001 

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