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The Restricted Eschaton of the Dutch Roman Catholics in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2016

Th. Clemens
Th. Clemens*
Affiliation:
Catholic Theological University, Utrecht
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Extract

What did the eschaton of the Dutch Roman Catholics in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries look like? That is the question I will attempt to answer in this article. Before doing so, I should like to note that it is essential to know the expectations, eschatological and otherwise, of a group to get to know its mentality. It is difficult, however, to gauge the nature of expectations and the way in which they operate and it is impossible to arrive at exact ‘measurements’. This article will therefore above all be concerned with the way in which expectations were nourished by doctrinal and devotional books. In addition, it will also refer to the literature about the history of the so-called Dutch Mission—the Roman Catholic Church in the Republic of the United Provinces—in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Type
Part I: The Apocalypse
Information
Studies in Church History Subsidia , Volume 10: Prophecy and Eschatology , 1994 , pp. 141 - 150
Copyright
Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 1994 

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References

1 For a first orientation see Bornewasscr, J. A., ‘The Roman Catholic Church since the Reformation’, in Lowland Highlights. Church and Oecumene in the Netherlands (Kampen, 1972), pp. 40–8Google Scholar.

2 Delumeau, J., La peur en occident (XIVe-XVIIIe siécles). Une cité assiégé (Paris, 1978), pp. 197–231, particularly pp. 230–1Google Scholar.

3 Rogier, L. J., Geschiedenis van het katholicisme in Noord-Nedertand in dezestiende en zeventiende eeuw (Amsterdam, 1947Google Scholar); Polman, P., Katlioliek Nederland in de achuiende eeuw (Hilversum, 1968)Google Scholar. Jong, Cf. O. J. de, Nederiandse kerkgeschiedenis (Nijkerk, 1978)Google Scholar.

4 Bruggeman, J., Diarium Litlerarum O.B.C. Indices, ed. Leeuwenberg, H. L. Ph. (Utrecht, 1991Google Scholar).

5 Frijhoff, W. Th. M., ‘Het Gelders Antichrist-tractaat (1524) en zijn auteur’, in Archief voor de Geschiedenis van de Kalholieke Kerk in Nederland [hereafter AGKKN] 28 (1986), pp. 195–6 and 207Google Scholar.

6 Frijhoff, , ‘Katholieke toekomscverwachting ten tijde van de Republiek: structuur en grondlijnen tot een interpretane’, in Bijdragen en Mededelingen hetreffende de Geschiedenis der Nederianden 98 (1983), p. 444Google Scholar.

7 A small exception is mentioned by Frijhoff, in ‘De paniek van juni 1734’, in AGKKN 19 (1977), p. 196Google Scholar.

8 This paragraph is based on Frijhoff, W. Th. M., ‘Katholieke tockomstverwachting’, and ‘De panick’Google Scholar and Dupont-Bouchat, M. S., Frijhoff, W. Th. M. and Muchemblcd, K., Prophètes et sorciers dans les Pays-Bas XVIe-XVIIIe siècle (Paris, 1978), pp. 263–362Google Scholar.

9 Frijhoff, , ‘Katholieke coekomstverwachring’, pp. 434 and 458—9Google Scholar.

10 Frijhoff, , ‘Katholieke toekomsrverwachting’, pp. 457–8Google Scholar. His spokesman for the end of the eighteenth century, St Hanewinkcl, was too much a partisan for the cause of the Dutch Reformed Church to be a reliable witness.

11 A list of consulted catechisms can be found in the appendix at the end of this article.

12 Coster, Fr, Catechismus (1604), pp. 35–6 and 179–81Google Scholar; Makeblyde, L., Den Sellai (1610), pp. 6+ and 365Google Scholar.

13 Cf. Van den Bossche, P., Den katholyke pedagoge (1685), p. 70Google Scholar, and Schmidt, S., Volkomen catechismus 1 (1771), 1, pp. 206–7Google Scholar.

14 Cf. Catechismus Romanus (1566, translated in 1668), ch. 8, lesson 10.

15 Appendix, catechisms of 1622, 1633, 1685, 1771(1), and 1798–1801.

16 Bosch, G. Vanden, Hemel, liei en vagevuur. Preken over her hiernamaals in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden tijdens de 17de en 18de eeuw (Louvain, 1991), p. 13Google Scholar.

17 Cf. for the ‘Sunday School’ Polman, Katholiek Nederland, 1, p. 126.

18 Third impression, Antwerpen: Jacobus Woons, 1685; cf. for these ‘Meditations on the Holy Communion of all Sundays of the Year’ Jac. Nouwens, De veehuldige h. communie in de geestelijke literatuur der Nederlanden vanafhet midden van de 16e eeuw tot in de eerste helft vein de 18e eettw (Antwerpen;Bilthoven, 1952), pp. 181–5.

19 ‘The Christian Father’, Antwerpen:Joannes Franciscus van Soest, 1724–5, 4 vols.; Polman, cf., Katholiek Nederland 1, pp. 344–6Google Scholar.

20 Matt, Van der, Meditatien (1685, 3rd ed.), pp. 33–4Google Scholar.

21 This paragraph is based on my study of Roman Catholic prayer books in the Low Countries, De godsdienstigheid in de Nederìanden in de Spiegel van de katìwlieke Uerkboeken, 1680–1840 (Til- burg, 1988). Cf. 1, p. 168 for the nature of the prayers for temporal well-being.

22 Maximilianus OFM Cap, ‘De Nederlandse vertalingen van bet Dies Irae in de 17e en 18e eeuw’, in Ons Geestelijk Erf 3$ (1964), pp. 5–22 and 145–205.

23 Weg des hemels ofklare kenleekens van ‘(opregte en waaregeloof. Met een bewys van dal nodig is ter zaligheyt; en ccnige deugdelyke oeffeningen, written and collected by P. T. W[eringa SJ], Antwerpen[= Amsterdam], for the heirs of the widow of C. Stichter (1767), pp. 16–35:70-1.

24 Verepaeus, S., Catholijcke handhoecxken van godtvruchtige ghebeden (Antwerpen: J. Bellerus, 1589), pp. 56–7. Cf. Wegdeshemels (1767), p. 67Google Scholar.

25 Clemens, Degodsdienstigheid, i, p. 108.

26 Dclumcau, J., Le péché et la peur: La culpabilisation en Occident XIII’-XVIII’ siècles (Paris, 1983), pp. 64–7 and 75Google Scholar.

27 Clemens, , De godsdienstigheid z, nrs 333–8 and 558Google Scholar.