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Lollardy and the Great Schism: Some Contemporary Perceptions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2016

Margaret M. Harvey
Margaret M. Harvey*
Affiliation:
University of Durham
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Extract

In this paper I wish to draw attention to a small matter of some interest to students of Wycliffism: some English documents of the 1390S where arguments about suitable methods for ending the Great Western Schism briefly combined with lamentations about the spread of heresy, as if schism, heresy and disorder were necessarily interconnected, so that a false move over one problem (schism) would probably worsen the others.

Type
Research Article
Information
Studies in Church History Subsidia , Volume 5: From Ockham to Wyclif , 1987 , pp. 385 - 396
Copyright
Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 1987 

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References

1 I would like to thank Dr. Robert Swanson for his help.

2 The English works on the Schism discussed here are all dealt with more fully in Harvey, M., Solutions to the Schism. A study of some English attitudes 1378-1409 Kirchengeschichtliche Quellen und Studien 12 (St. Ottilien 1983)Google Scholar. Only minimal details will therefore be given here.

3 Bliemetzrieder, F. P., Literarische Polemik zu Beginn des Grossen Abendlaändischen Schismas, Publikation des Osterreichischen Historischen Instituts in Rom 1 (Vienna/Leipzig 1910) pp. 112–13.Google Scholar

4 Harvey, Solutions pp. 45 n. 107,48 n. 122, 56, 58, 60, 162 n. 87.

5 Aston, M., “Lollardy and Sedition’, PP 17 (1960) pp. 1–44Google Scholar; repr. Peasants, Knights and Heretics, ed. R. H. Hilton (Cambridge 1976) pp. 273-318, and Lollards ana Reformers (London 1984) pp. 1-47. I quote the last version.

6 Harvey, Solutions pp. 31, 34, 37,43-4. See also Wilks, M., ‘Reformatio Regni: Wyclif and Hus as leaders of Religious Protest Movements’, SCH 9 (1972) p. 122.Google Scholar

7 Harvey, Solutions pp. 43-4.

8 Selections from English Wycliffite Writings, ed. A. Hudson (Cambridge 1978) p. 82.

9 Wycliffite Writings p. 82.

10 English Wycliffite Sermons ed. A. Hudson (Oxford 1983) 1 p. 238.

11 Wycliffite Sermons pp. 404-5.

12 Wycliffite Writings p. 28.

13 Wycliffite Sermons p. 524.

14 Harvey, Solutions p. 37.

15 Wycliffite Sermons pp. 489, 503.

16 Fasciculi Zizaniorum (henceforward FZ) ed. W. W. Shirley, RS 1858 p. 279.

17 Cited by Swanson (n. 20 below, pp. 91-2) from McHardy, A. K., ‘Bishop Buckingham and the Lollards of Lincoln Diocese’, SCH 9 (1972) p. 143.Google Scholar

18 BL MS Royal 6 D X fols. 277v-281r. Details in Harvey, Solutions pp. 56, 58-61.

19 Royal fol. 279r.

20 Swanson, R. N., ‘A Survey of Views on the Great Schism c. 1395’, AHP 21 (1983) pp. 79–103, esp. p. 102.Google Scholar

21 Bliemetzrieder, F., ‘Traktat des Fr Nikolaus de Fakenham’, AFH 1 (1908) pp. 577–600Google Scholar; 2 (1909) pp. 79-91.

22 Harvey, M., ‘The letter of Oxford University on the Schism, 5 February 1399’, Annuarium Historiae Conciliorum 6 (1974) p. 124Google Scholar lines 20-30.

23 Harvey, Solutions pp. 64-7.

24 Bliemetzrieder, ‘Traktat’ 1 p. 593.

25 Bliemetzrieder, ‘Traktat’ 1 p. 599; Chronique du Religieux de S. Denys ed. M. L. Bellaguet. Collection de Documents Inedits sur l’Histoire de France 6, 6 vols. (Paris 1839-52) 2 p. 152. In Solutions I did not notice this borrowing. For Monzón, , Swanson, Universities, Academics and the Great Schism, Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought 12, (Cambridge 1979) p. 73.Google Scholar

26 McFarlane, K. B., John Wycliffite and the Beginnings of English Nonconformity, (London 1952) p. 82.Google Scholar

27 Bliemetzrieder, ‘Traktat’ 2 p. 80-91.

28 Royal fols. 281r-282v; Harvey, Solutions pp. 67,69-70.

29 Royal fol. 282v.

30 Oxford Bodleian Library MS Digby 188 fols. 62r-66r; Harvey, Solutions pp. 68-9, 74-6.

31 Wycliffite Writings, no. 3.

32 For possible sources Harvey, Solutions p. 75.

33 Ouy, G., ‘Gerson et L’Angleterre’, in: Levi, A. H. T., Humanism in France, (Manchester 1970) pp. 56–73, esp. p. 67, 70Google Scholar; Harvey, Solutions Chapter 4.

34 London, Westminster Abbey MS 34/2; Harvey, Solutions pp. 67-8, 70-3.

35 Westminster fol. 2V.

36 Westminster fol. 2r (and not 1v as Harvey, Solutions p. 72 n. 104 where this is quoted).

37 Harvey, Solutions pp. 97-101 for the background.

38 Ullmann, W., ‘The University of Cambridge and the Great Schism’, JTS NS 9 (1958) pp. 68–75, esp. p. 73Google Scholar lines 11-17; Harvey, Solutions pp. 101-2.

39 As n. 22 above.

40 Harvey, ‘The letter’, pp. 126 lines 105-6; 127 lines 124-7.

41 Digby 188 fols. 47r-6v; Harvey, Solutions pp. 109-11.

42 Digby 188 fol. 48r; Num 16. 1-5 for Chore and Dathan; Daniel 5.

43 Digby 188 fol. 48r; 2 Par. 26. 19 for Ozias; 2Kg 6.6 for Oza.

44 Digby 188 fol. 48r; Lk. 10. 16; Ps. 104. 15; Rom. 13.1-2.

45 Digby 188 fols. 48r, 49r-50v, 50v. For the gloss, Harvey, Solutions p. 110 n. 69.

46 Digby 188 fol. 50v.

47 Digby 188 fol. 53r, from Liber Dimnorum Operum Simplicis Hominis part 3 visio x sect, xvi (PL 197 cols. 1017-18).

48 Digby 188 fol. 54v-55r.

49 Next note.

50 Digby 188 fol. 6ov.

51 Religieux as n. 25 above. In Solutions I did not notice this borrowing.

52 Religieux pp. 166-70.

53 Boulay, C. E. Du, Historia Universitatis Parisiensis 6 vols. (Paris, 1665-73) 4 p. 756.Google Scholar

54 Swanson, Universities pp. 118-19.

55 Aston, ‘Lollardy’, pp. 21-3.

56 Wilks, p. 130.

57 Harvey, Solutions pp. 193-4 for Pisa; Tatnall, E. C., ‘The condemnation of John Wyclif at the Council of Constance’, SCH 7 (1971) pp. 209–18, esp. pp. 212, 214Google Scholar; Crowder, C. M. D., Unity, Heresy and Reform 1378-1460, Documents of Medieval History 3, (London 1977) p. 15.Google Scholar