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Postmaterialism and Post-Industrialism: Cultural Influences on Female Representation in State Legislatures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2021

John F. Camobreco  and
Michelle A. Barnello
John F. Camobreco
Affiliation:
Christopher Newport University
Michelle A. Barnello
Affiliation:
Christopher Newport University
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Abstract

In the last 30 years, female state legislative representation in the United States has increased steadily and dramatically. While the cross-sectional variation in this representation has been studied at length, longitudinal changes have yet to be explained. We attempt to do this using two theories of large-scale cultural and political attitude change over the last several decades—postmaterialism and post-industrialism. Our empirical analyses are more consistent with post-industrialism theory than postmaterialism theory. We find that both cross-sectional differences and longitudinal changes in the percentage of state legislators who are female are explained primarily by college education and religious adherence, not age cohort or income. The effects of college education and religious adherence remain strong even in the presence of controls for other cultural and institutional variables that have been found to influence the sexual composition of state legislatures. Thus, our study suggests the existence of an education-religion cleavage on social issues among Americans.

Type
Research Article
Information
State Politics & Policy Quarterly , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , June 2003 , pp. 117 - 138
Copyright
Copyright © The American Political Science Association, 2003

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