Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T02:54:24.125Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Political Economy of Public Universities in the United States: A Review Essay

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2021

Robert C. Lowry*
Affiliation:
The University of Texas at Dallas

Abstract

Scholars of state politics and policy have devoted little attention to the public universities where so many of them work. Public higher education is organized at the state level, and its funding and governance have been debated at length in many states in recent years. Moreover, these universities provide opportunities for contributions to a variety of theoretically-grounded research, including the decision to make or buy public services, principal-agent issues and institutional arrangements for governance, the politics of institutional reform, the determinants of government appropriations and budgetary trade-offs, and internal decisionmaking in state-owned enterprises, public bureaucracies, and nonprofit organizations. Research on these issues could not only generate insights relevant to many types of institutions and public services but also contribute to ongoing policy debates over relations between state governments and higher education.

Type
Review Essay
Copyright
Copyright © The American Political Science Association, 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Association of University Professors. 2005. “AAUP Collective Bargaining Chapters.” www.aaup.org/Faculty-Org/cbc/Cbchapt.htm (April 21, 2005).Google Scholar
Andrews, Rhys, Boyne, George A., Meier, Kenneth J., O'Toole, Lawrence J. Jr., and Walker, Richard M.. 2005. “Representative Bureaucracy, Organizational Strategy, and Public Service Performance: An Empirical Analysis of English Local Government. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 15:489504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrilleaux, Charles, and Berkman, Michael. 2003. “Do Governors Matter? Budgeting Rules and the Politics of State Policymaking.” Political Research Quarterly 56:409–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bawn, Kathleen. 1995. “Political Control vs. Expertise: Congressional Choices about Administrative Procedures.” American Political Science Review 89:6273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, Mark C., and Kostal, Thomas. 2002. “Financial Resources, Regulation, and Enrollment in U.S. Public Higher Education.” Economics of Education Review 21:101–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, William D., and Lowery, David. 1990. “An Alternative Approach to Understanding Budgetary Trade-offs.” American Journal of Political Science 34:671705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowen, Frank M., Bracco, Kathy Reeves, Callan, Patrick M., Finney, Joni E., Richardson, Richard C. Jr., and Trombley, William. 1997. “State Structures for the Governance of Higher Education: A Comparative Study” Technical Paper 97–11. San Jose, CA: The California Higher Education Policy Center.Google Scholar
Brown, Jennifer. 2005. “Strapped Colleges Weigh Autonomy.” The Denver Post, 26 September, A-1.Google Scholar
Brubacher, John S., and Rudy, Willis. 1976. Higher Education in Transition: A History of American Colleges and Universities, 1636–1976. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Coates, Dennis, Humphreys, Brad R., and Vachris, Michelle A.. 2004. “More Evidence that University Administrators are Utility Maximizing Bureaucrats.” Economics of Governance 5:77101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clotfelter, Charles T. 1976. “Public Spending for Higher Education: An Empirical Test of Two Hypotheses.” Public Finance 31:177–94.Google Scholar
Cohen, Linda R., and Noll, Roger G.. 1998. “Universities, Constituencies, and the Role of the States.” In Challenges to Research Universities, ed. Noll, Roger G.. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
deGroot, Hans, McMahon, Walter W., and Fredericks Volkwein, J.. 1991. “The Cost Structure of American Research Universities.” Review of Economics and Statistics 73:424–43.Google Scholar
Dillon, Sam. 2005. “At Public Universities, Warnings of Privatization,” The New York Times. 16 October, 12.Google Scholar
Education Commission of the States 1997. State Postsecondary Education Structures Sourcebook. Denver, CO: Education Commission of the States.Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, Ronald G. 1999. “Adam Smith Goes to College: An Economist Becomes an Academic Administrator.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 13:99116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehrenberg, Ronald G., Klaff, Daniel B., Kezsbom, Adam T., and Nagowski, Matthew P.. 2004. “Collective Bargaining in American Higher Education.” In Governing Academia, ed. Ehrenberg, Ronald G. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Eykamp, Paul W. 1995. “Political Control of State Research Universities: The Effect of the Structure of Political Control on University Quality and Budget.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, San Diego.Google Scholar
Fields, Joseph A., Klein, Linda S., and Sfridis, James M.. 1997. “A Market-Based Evaluation of the Election versus Appointment of Regulatory Commissioners.” Public Choice 92:337–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gittell, Marilyn, and Kleiman, Neil Scott. 2000. “The Political Context of Higher Education.” American Behavioral Scientist 43:1058–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldin, Claudia, and Katz, Lawrence F.. 1999. “The Shaping of Higher Education: The Formative Years in the United States, 1890 to 1940.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 13:3762.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goudriaan, René, and deGroot, Hans. 1991. “State Regulation and University Behavior.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 20:309–18.Google Scholar
Hammond, Thomas H. 2004. “Herding Cats in University Hierarchies.” In Governing Academia, ed. Ehrenberg, Ronald G.. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Hansmann, Henry. 1996. The Ownership of Enterprise. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hart, Oliver, Shleifer, Andrei, and Vishny, Robert W.. 1997. “The Proper Scope of Government: Theory and an Application to Prisons.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 112:1127–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hearn, James C., and Griswold, Carolyn P.. 1994. “State-Level Centralization and Policy Innovation in U.S. Postsecondary Education.” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 16:161–91.Google Scholar
Heller, Donald E. 2004. “State Oversight of Academia.” In Governing Academia, ed. Ehrenberg, Ronald G.. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Henkel, Mary, and Little, Brenda. 1999. Changing Relationships between Higher Education and the State. Philadelphia, PA: J. Kingsley Publishers.Google Scholar
Hoenack, Stephen A., and Pierro, Daniel J.. 1990. “An Econometric Model of a Public University's Income and Enrollments.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 14:403–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horn, Murray J. 1995. The Political Economy of Public Administration: Institutional Choice in the Public Sector. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, Estelle. 1990. “Decision Processes and Priorities in Higher Education.” In The Economics of American Universities: Management, Operations and Fiscal Environment, eds. Hoenack, Stephen A. and Collins, Eileen L.. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Kaplan, Gabriel E. 2004. “How Academic Ships Actually Navigate.” In Governing Academia, ed. Ehrenberg, Ronald G.. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kedar, Orit, and Phillips Shively, W.. 2005. “Special Issue on Multilevel Modeling for Large Clusters.” Political Analysis 13:301461.Google Scholar
Keiser, Lael R., Wilkins, Vicky M., Meier, Kenneth J., and Holland, Catherine A.. 2002. “Lipstick and Logarithms: Gender, Institutional Context, and Representative Bureaucracy.” American Political Science Review 96:553–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kezar, Adrianna, and Eckel, Peter D.. 2004. “Meeting Today's Governance Challenges: A Synthesis of the Literature and Examination of a Future Agenda for Scholarship.” The Journal of Higher Education 74:371–99.Google Scholar
Knott, Jack H., and Abigail Payne, A.. 2004. “The Impact of State Governance Structures on Management and Performance of Public Organizations: A Study of Higher Education Institutions.” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 23:1330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leslie, David W., and Novak, Richard J.. 2003. “Substance Versus Politics: Through the Dark Mirror of Governance Reform.” Educational Policy 17:98120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, Daniel C. 1986. Higher Education and the State in Latin America. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lewis, Dan A., and Maruna, Shadd. 1999. “The Politics of Education.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Gray, Virginia, Hanson, Russell L., and Jacob, Herbert. 7th ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Lowry, Robert C. 1997. “The Private Production of Public Goods: Organizational Maintenance, Managers' Objectives, and Collective Goals.” American Political Science Review 91:308–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowry, Robert C. 2001a. “Governmental Structure, Trustee Selection, and Public University Prices and Spending: Multiple Means to Similar Ends.” American Journal of Political Science 45:845–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowry, Robert C. 2001b. “The Effects of State Political Interests and Campus Outputs on Public University Revenues.” Economics of Education Review 20:105–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowry, Robert C. 2004. “Markets, Governance and University Priorities: Evidence on Undergraduate Education and Research.” Economics of Governance 5:2951.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowry, Robert C. 2006. “Incomplete Contracts and the Political Economy of the Privatized Research University.” Presented at the State of the Art Conference on The Privatization of the Public Research University, Athens, GA.Google Scholar
Lyall, Katharine C., and Sell, Kathleen R.. 2006. The True Genius of America at Risk: Are We Losing our Public Universities to De Facto Privatization? Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
MacTaggert, Terrance J., & Associates. 1998. Seeking Excellence through Independence: Liberating Colleges and Universities from Excessive Regulation. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.Google Scholar
McCubbins, Matthew D., Noll, Roger G., and Weingast, Barry R.. 1989. “Structure and Process, Politics and Policy: Administrative Arrangements and the Political Control of Agencies.” Virginia Law Review 75:431–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGuinness, Aims C. Jr., 1997. “The Functions and Evolution of State Coordination and Governance in Postsecondary Education.” State Postsecondary Education Structures Sourcebook. Denver, CO: Education Commission of the States.Google Scholar
McLendon, Michael K. 2003a. “Setting the Governmental Agenda for State Decentralization of Higher Education.” The Journal of Higher Education 74:479515.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLendon, Michael K. 2003b. “The Politics of Higher Education: Toward an Expanded Research Agenda.” Educational Policy 17:165–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLendon, Michael K., and Eddings, Stuart. 2002. “Direct Democracy and Higher Education: The State Ballot as an Instrument of Higher Education Policy Making.” Educational Policy 16:193218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLendon, Michael K., Heller, Donald E., and Young, Steven P.. 2005. “State Postsecondary Policy Innovation: Politics, Competition, and the Interstate Migration of Policy Ideas.” The Journal of Higher Education 76:363400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLendon, Michael K., Hearn, James C., and Deaton, Russ. 2006. “Called to Account: Analyzing the Origins and Spread of State Performance-Accountability Policies for Higher Education.” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 28:124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McPherson, Michael S., and Schapiro, Morton Owen. 1991. Keeping College Affordable. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.Google Scholar
Meier, Kenneth J., Juenke, Eric Gonzalez, Wrinkle, Robert D., and Polinard, J.L.. 2005. “Structural Choices and Representational Biases: The Post-Election Color of Representation.” American Journal of Political Science 49:758768.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mintrom, Michael. 1997. “Policy Entrepreneurs and the Diffusion of Innovation.” American Journal of Political Science 41:738–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moe, Terry. 1990. “The Politics of Bureaucratic Structure.” In Can the Government Govern? eds. Chubb, John and Peterson, Paul. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Nathans, Aaron. 2006. “Lyall Urges Private Role in UW Control: Says ‘State-Agency Model’ Is Failing.” The Capital Times (Madison, WI), 13 January, 3A.Google Scholar
National Center for Education Statistics. 2004. Digest of Education Statistics. nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2006005 (April 7, 2007).Google Scholar
Nicholson-Crotty, Jill, and Meier, Kenneth J.. 2003. “Politics, Structure, and Public Policy: The Case of Higher Education.” Educational Policy 17:8097.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicholson-Crotty, Sean, Theobald, Nick A., and Dan Wood, B.. 2006. “Fiscal Federalism and Budgetary Tradeoffs in the American States.” Political Research Quarterly: 59:313–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, A. Abigail. 2003a. “The Effects of Congressional Appropriation Committee Membership on the Distribution of Federal Research Funding to Universities.” Economic Inquiry 41:325–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, A. Abigail. 2003b. “The Role of Politically Motivated Subsidies on University Research Activities.” Educational Policy 17:1237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petkofsky, Andrew. 2005. “University Autonomy Measure Approved,” Richmond Times Dispatch, 31 March, B-1.Google Scholar
Pusser, Brian, and Turner, Sarah E.. 2004. “Nonprofit and For-Profit Governance in Higher Education.” In Governing Academia, ed. Ehrenberg, Ronald G. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Quigley, John M., and Rubinfeld, Daniel L.. 1993. “Public Choices in Public Higher Education.” In Studies of Supply and Demand in Higher Education, eds. Charles, T. Clotfelter and Michael Rothschild.” Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Rosen, Harvey S. 1992. Public Finance. 3rd ed. Homewood, IL: Irwin.Google Scholar
Rudolph, Frederick. [1962] 1990. The American College & University: A History. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Sabloff, Paula L. 1997. “Another Reason Why State Legislatures Will Continue to Restrict Public University Autonomy.” The Review of Higher Education 20:141–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salerno, Carlo. 2004. “Public Money and Private Providers: Funding Channels and National Patterns in Four Countries.” Higher Education 48:101–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mae, Sallie. 2006. “About Us.” www2.salliemae.com/about (April 7, 2007).Google Scholar
Sav, G. Thomas. 1986. “The Politics of Race in Higher Education: Governing Boards and Constituents.” Public Choice 48:147–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shleifer, Andrei. 1998. “State versus Private Ownership.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 12:133–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steenbergen, Marco R., and Jones, Bradford S.. 2002. “Modeling Multilevel Data Structures.” American Journal of Political Science 46:218–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strathman, James G. 1994. “Migration, Benefit Spillovers and State Support of Higher Education.” Urban Studies 31:913–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teske, Paul. 2004. Regulation in the States. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Thompson, Fred, and Zumeta, William. 2001. “Effects of Key State Policies on Private Colleges and Universities: Sustaining Private-Sector Capacity in the Face of the Higher Education Access Challenge.” Economics of Education Review 20:517–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toma, Eugenia Froedge. 1990. “Boards of Trustees, Agency Problems, and University Output.” Public Choice 67:19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volkwein, James Fredericks. 1986. “Campus Autonomy and Its Relationship to Measures of University Quality.” Journal of Higher Education 57:510–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volkwein, James Fredericks, and Malik, Shaukat M.. 1997. “State Regulation and Administrative Flexibility at Public Universities.” Research in Higher Education 38:1742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, Jack L. Jr. 1969. “The Diffusion of Innovation among the American States.” American Political Science Review 63:880–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waugh, William L. Jr. 2003. “Issues in University Governance: More ‘Professional’ and Less Academic.” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 585:8496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winston, Gordon C. 1999. “Subsidies, Hierarchy and Peers: The Awkward Economics of Higher Education.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 13:1336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zumeta, William. 1992. “State Policies and Private Higher Education.” Journal of Higher Education 63:363417.Google Scholar