Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T03:37:26.937Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Lobbying in the New Millennium: Evidence of Continuity and Change in Three States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2021

Anthony J. Nownes  and
Krissy Walker DeAlejandro
Anthony J. Nownes
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee
Krissy Walker DeAlejandro
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We report the results of a survey of over 300 lobbyists in three states—Colorado, Ohio, and West Virginia. In the first half of this article, we provide a comprehensive portrait of state lobbyists' attempts to affect state government decisions. In the second half, we address the following research question: What factors affect the lobbying behavior of state lobbyists? Our results suggest a number of conclusions about lobbying in the new millennium, including the following: (1) state lobbyists target the governor's office more than most previous studies suggest; (2) state lobbyists aim their grassroots lobbying efforts at the governor and executive agency bureaucrats as well as legislators; (3) state lobbying remains an intensely personal game, as techniques involving face-to-face contact with government officials remain the most effective; and (4) several variables affect a lobbyist's decisions regarding which techniques to use and where to aim his or her efforts, including the receptivity of potential targets and the type of group for which the lobbyist works.

Type
Research Article
Information
State Politics & Policy Quarterly , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , Winter 2009 , pp. 429 - 455
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbe, Owen G., and Herrnson, Paul S.. 2003. “Campaign Professionalism in State Legislative Elections.” State Politics and Policy Quarterly 3:223–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, Robert M. 2002. Rolling the Dice with State Initiatives: Interest Group Involvement in Ballot Campaigns. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.Google Scholar
American Political Science Association, Committee on American Legislatures, and Belle Zeller, eds. 1954. American State Legislatures. New York, NY: Thomas Y. Crowell Company.Google Scholar
Berry, Jeffrey M. 1977. Lobbying for the People: The Political Behavior of Public Interest Groups. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Berry, Jeffrey M. 1999. The New Liberalism: The Rising Power of Citizen Groups. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Beyle, Thad. 2005. “Table 7–6: Summary of Personal and Institutional Powers of Governors by State, 2005.” January 10. http://www.unc.edu/~beyle/tab7.6–SummaryPowers05.doc (August 28, 2007).Google Scholar
Boehmke, Frederick J. 2005. The Indirect Effect of Direct Legislation: How Institutions Shape Interest Group Systems. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University Press.Google Scholar
Bowler, Shaun, and Donovan, Todd. 2008. “The Initiative Process.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, 9th ed. Eds., Gray, Virginia and Hanson, Russell L.. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Council of State Governments. 2008. The Book of the States. Lexington, KY: The Council of State Governments.Google Scholar
Furlong, Scott R. 2005. “Exploring Interest Group Participation in Executive Policymaking.” In The Interest Group Connection: Electioneering, Lobbying, and Policymaking in Washington, 2nd ed. Eds., Herrnson, Paul S., Shaiko, Ronald G., and Wilcox, Clyde. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Gais, Thomas L., and Walker, Jack L. Jr. 1991. “Pathways to Influence in American Politics.” In Mobilizing Interest Groups in America: Patrons, Professions and Social Movements, ed. Walker, Jack L. Jr. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Gerber, Elisabeth R. 1999. The Populist Paradox: Interest Group Influence and the Promise of Direct Legislation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Golden, Marissa Martino. 1998. “Interest Groups in the Rule-Making Process: Who Participates? Whose Voices Get Heard?” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 8:245–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldstein, Kenneth M. 1999. Interest Groups, Lobbying, and Participation in America. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, Virginia. 2008. “The Socioeconomic and Political Context of States.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, 9th ed. Eds., Gray, Virginia and Hanson, Russell L.. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Gray, Virginia, and Lowery, David. 1995. “The Demography of Interest Organization Communities: Institutions, Associations, and Membership Groups.” American Politics Quarterly 23:3–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, Virginia, and Lowery, David. 1996. The Population Ecology of Interest Representation: Lobbying Communities in the American States. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, Virginia, and Lowery, David. 1997. “Life in a Niche: Mortality Anxiety Among Organized Interests in the American States.” Political Research Quarterly 50:25–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grossmann, Matthew. 2006. “Institutionalized Pluralism: The Prominence of Interest Organizations in National Policymaking.” http://repositories.cdlib.org/igs/WP2006–3 (June 24, 2008).Google Scholar
Hamm, Keith E., and Hogan, Robert E.. 2004. “Legislative Lobbying.” In Research Guide to U.S. and International Interest Groups, ed. Thomas, Clive S.. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.Google Scholar
Hansford, Thomas G. 2004. “Lobbying Strategies, Venue Selection, and Organized Interest Involvement at the U.S. Supreme Court.” American Politics Research 32:170–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holyoke, Thomas T. 2003. “Choosing Battlegrounds: Interest Group Lobbying Across Multiple Venues.” Political Research Quarterly 56:325–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hrebenar, Ronald J., and Thomas, Clive S., eds. 1987. Interest Group Politics in the American West. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Hrebenar, Ronald J., and Thomas, Clive S., eds. 1992. Interest Group Politics in the Southern States. Tuscaloosa, AL: The University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Hrebenar, Ronald J., and Thomas, Clive S., eds. 1993a. Interest Group Politics in the Northeastern States. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Hrebenar, Ronald J., and Thomas, Clive S., eds. 1993b. Interest Group Politics in the Midwestern States. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Kedrowski, Karen M. 1996. Media Entrepreneurs and the Media Enterprise in the U.S. Congress. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.Google Scholar
Kerwin, Cornelius M. 2003. Rulemaking: How Government Agencies Write Law and Make Policy. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
King, James D. 2000. “Changes in Professionalism in U.S. State Legislatures.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 25:327–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kollman, Ken. 1998. Outside Lobbying: Public Opinion and Interest Group Strategies. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Milbrath, Lester W. 1963. The Washington Lobbyists. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally & Company.Google Scholar
Morehouse, Sarah McCally. 1981. State Politics, Parties, and Policy. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.Google Scholar
Nownes, Anthony J., and Freeman, Patricia K.. 1998a. “Interest Group Activity in the States.” The Journal of Politics 60:86–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nownes, Anthony J., and Freeman, Patricia K.. 1998b. “Female Lobbyists: Women in the World of ‘Good Ol’ Boys.'” The Journal of Politics 60:1181–1201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nownes, Anthony J., Thomas, Clive S., and Hrebenar, Ronald J.. 2008. “Interest Groups in the States.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, 9th ed. Eds., Gray, Virginia and Hanson, Russell L.. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Roberts, Deborah D. 1993. “The Governor as Leader: Strengthening Public Service through Executive Leadership.” In Revitalizing State and Local Public Service: Strengthening Performance, Accountability, and Citizen Confidence, ed. Thompson, Frank J.. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Alan. 1993. The Third House: Lobbyists and Lobbying in the States. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Alan. 2001. The Third House: Lobbyists and Lobbying in the States, 2nd ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salisbury, Robert H., Johnson, Paul, Heinz, John P., Laumann, Edward O., and Nelson, Robert L.. 1989. “Who You Know versus What You Know: The Uses of Government Experience for Washington Lobbyists.” American Journal of Political Science 33:175–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schattschneider, E.E. 1960. The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
Schlozman, Kay Lehman, and Tierney, John T.. 1986. Organized Interests and American Democracy. New York, NY: Harper & Row, Publishers.Google Scholar
Thomas, Clive S., and Hrebenar, Ronald J.. 1990. “Interest Groups in the States.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, 5th ed. Eds., Gray, Virginia, Jacob, Herbert, and Albritton, Robert B.. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.Google Scholar
Thomas, Clive S., and Hrebenar, Ronald J.. 1996. “Interest Groups in the States.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, 6th ed. Eds., Gray, Virginia and Jacob, Herbert. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Thomas, Clive S., and Hrebenar, Ronald J.. 1999. “Interest Groups in the States.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, 7th ed. Eds., Gray, Virginia, Hanson, Russell L., and Jacob, Herbert. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Thomas, Clive S., and Hrebenar, Ronald J.. 2004. “Interest Groups in the States.” In Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis, 8th ed. Eds., Gray, Virginia and Hanson, Russell L.. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar