Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T04:57:33.177Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Psychosocial Correlates of Condom Use and their Relationship with Worry about STI and HIV in Native and Immigrant Adolescents in Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2013

Ma Paz Bermúdez ,
Ángel Castro  and
Gualberto Buela-Casal
Ma Paz Bermúdez*
Affiliation:
Universidad de Granada (Spain)
Ángel Castro
Affiliation:
Universidad de Granada (Spain)
Gualberto Buela-Casal
Affiliation:
Universidad de Granada (Spain)
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Ma Paz Bermúdez. Departmento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada. Campus de Cartuja, s/n. 18011. Granada (Spain). Phone: +34-958161708. Fax: +34-958161708. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The goal of this study was to analyze how worry about sexually-transmitted infections (STI) and HIV influences attitudes and self-efficacy towards condom use, HIV-related knowledge, HIV-perceived susceptibility and HIV-misconceptions in a multicultural sample in Spain. The sample was composed of 3,051 adolescents aged between 14 and 19 years old who lived in Spain. Of these, 67.7% were native Spaniards and the remaining 32.3% were Latin American immigrants. Results showed that worry about STI and HIV has a direct influence on condom use self-efficacy and HIV-knowledge and HIV-perceived susceptibility. Native Spanish adolescents showed higher positive attitudes towards condom use, greater HIV-knowledge and HIV-perceived susceptibility, and lower negative attitudes towards condoms use and HIV-misconceptions than Latin American adolescents. In the discussion, the importance of worry about STI and HIV is highlighted as a mediator variable that can predict risky sexual behavior and is related to cultural origin.

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar cómo la preocupación hacia las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y hacia el VIH influyen en las actitudes y en la autoeficacia hacia el uso del preservativo y en el conocimiento y la susceptibilidad ante el VIH en una muestra multicultural en España. En la investigación participaron 3051 adolescentes de entre 14 y 19 años residentes en España, de los que el 67,7% fueron autóctonos españoles y el 32,3% restante fueron inmigrantes de origen latinoamericano. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la preocupación hacia las ITS y hacia el VIH ejercen una influencia directa sobre la autoeficacia en el uso del preservativo y sobre el conocimiento y la susceptibilidad ante el VIH. Los adolescentes autóctonos mostraron más actitudes positivas hacia el uso del preservativo, más conocimiento y susceptibilidad ante el VIH y menos actitudes negativas hacia el preservativo e ideas erróneas sobre el VIH que los adolescentes latinoamericanos. En la discusión se resalta la importancia de la preocupación hacia las ITS y hacia el VIH como variable mediadora para la predicción de las conductas sexuales de riesgo y su relación con el origen cultural.

Keywords

STI/HIVcondomsadolescentsinmigrantsSpainETS/VIHpreservativosadolescentesinmigrantesEspaña
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , November 2011 , pp. 746 - 754
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education (1999). Standards for educational and psychological testing. Washington, DC: American Educational Research in Education.Google Scholar
Bachanas, P. J., Morris, M. K., Lewis-Gess, J., Saret-Cuasay, E. J., Flores, A.L., Sirl, K. S., … Sawyer, M. K. (2002). Psychological adjustment, substance use, HIV knowledge, and risky sexual behavior in at-risk minority females: developmental differences during adolescence. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 27, 373–384. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/27.4.373CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berkley, T. W., & Burns, J. L. (2000). Factor analysis of the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale among multicultural college students. Health Education Research, 15, 485–489. doi:10.1093/her/15.4.485.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bermúdez, M. P., Castro, A., & Buela-Casal, G. (2009). Sida en España e inmigración: análisis epidemiológico [AIDS in Spain and immigration: epidemiological analysis]. Universitas Psychologica, 8, 37–48.Google Scholar
Bermúdez, M. P., Castro, A., Gude, F., & Buela-Casal, G. (2010). Relationship power in a couple and sexual double standard as predictors of the risk of sexually transmitted infections and HIV: multicultural and gender differences. Current HIV Research, 8, 172–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bermúdez, M. P., Castro, A., Madrid, J., & Buela-Casal, G. (2010). Análisis de la conducta sexual de adolescentes autóctonos e inmigrantes en España [Sexual behavior of native and immigrant adolescents in Spain]. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 10, 89–103.Google Scholar
Bermúdez, M. P., Sánchez, A.I., & Buela-Casal, G. (2003). Adaptación castellana del cuestionario VIH/SIDA-164 [Spanish adaptation of the HIV/AIDS-164 Scale]. Revista Mexicana de Psicología, 20, 95–112.Google Scholar
Bermúdez, M. P. & Teva-Álvarez, I. (2003). Situación actual del VIH/SIDA en Europa: análisis de las diferencias entre países [Current situation of HIV/AIDS in Europe: differences between countries]. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 3, 89–106.Google Scholar
Carrera-Fernández, M. V., Lameiras-Fernández, M., Foltz, M. L., Núñez-Mangana, A. M., & Rodríguez-Castro, Y. (2007). Evaluación de un programa de educación sexual con estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 7, 739–751.Google Scholar
Castro, A., Bermúdez, M. P., & Buela-Casal, G. (2009). Variables relacionadas con la infección por VIH en inmigrantes adolescentes latinoamericanos: una revisión [Variables related to HIV infection in Latin American immigrant adolescents: A review]. Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica, 18, 227–240.Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2002). HIV/AIDS among Hispanics in the United States. Atlanta, GA: Author, Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/facts/hispanics.htm.Google Scholar
Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, & Ministerio de Sanidad y Política Social (2009). Registro Nacional de casos de sida. [Spanish national recount of AIDS cases]. Madrid, Spain: Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Retrieved from http://www.isciii.es/htdocs/ centros/epidemiologia/epi_sida.jspGoogle Scholar
Conde, F. (2007). La interrupción voluntaria del embarazo en población adolescente en el sector inmigrante. Madrid, Spain: Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo.Google Scholar
Crosby, R. A., DiClemente, R. J., Wingood, G. M., Sionean, C., Cobb, B. K., & Harrington, K. (2000). Correlates of unprotected vaginal sex among African American female adolescents: Importance of relationship dynamics. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 154, 893–899.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crosby, R. A., DiClemente, R. J., Wingood, G. M., Sionean, C., Harrington, K., Davies, S. L., … Oh, M. K. (2001). Psychosocial correlates of adolescents' worry about STD versus HIV infection: similarities and differences. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 28, 208–213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crosby, R. A., Salazar, L. F., Yarber, W. L., Sanders, S. A., Graham, C. A., Head, S., … Arno, J. N. (2008). A theory-based approach to understanding condom errors and problems reported by men attending an STI clinic. AIDS and Behavior, 12, 412–418. doi:10.1007/s10461-007-9264-1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DiClemente, R. J., Wingood, G. M., Harrington, K. F., Lang, D.L., Davies, S. L., Hook, E. W., … Robillard, A. (2004). Efficacy of an HIV prevention intervention for African American adolescent girls: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 292, 171–179. doi:10.1001/jama.292.2.171CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ellen, J. M., Adler, N., Gurvey, J. E., Dunlop, M. B. V., Millstein, S. G., & Tschann, J. (2002). Improving predictions of condom behavioral intentions with partner-specific measures of risk perception. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 648–663. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00235.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellen, J. M., Boyer, C. B., Tschann, J. M., & Shafer, M. A. (1996). Adolescents' perceived risk for STIs and HIV infection. Journal of Adolescent Health, 18, 177–181. doi:10.1016/1054-139X(94)00103-LCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Faryna, E., & Morales, E. (2000). Self-efficacy and HIV-related risk behaviors among multiethnic adolescents. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 6, 42–56. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.6.1.42CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gómez, C. A., & Marín, B. V. (1996). Gender, culture, and power: barriers to HIV-prevention strategies for women. Journal of Sex Research, 33, 355–362. doi:10.1080/00224499609551853CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guilamo-Ramos, V., Bouris, A., Jaccard, J., Lesesne, C., & Ballan, M. (2009). Familiar and cultural influences on sexual risk behaviors among Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Dominican youth. AIDS Education and Prevention, 21, 61–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutiérrez-Martínez, O., Bermúdez, M. P., Teva, I., & Buela-Casal, G. (2007). Sexual sensation seeking and worry about sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection among Spanish adolescents. Psicothema, 19, 661–666.Google ScholarPubMed
Hamblenton, R. K. (2001). The next generation of the ITC test translation and adaptation guidelines. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 17, 164–172. doi:10.1027//1015-5759.17.3.164CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, S. M., & Henderson, J. T. (2006). Correlates of condom use intentions and behaviors among a community-based sample of Latino men in Los Angeles. Journal of Urban Health, 83, 558–574. doi:10.1007/s11524-006-9064-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (2009). Padrón municipal. Explotación estadística del Padrón [Spanish population]. Madrid, Spain: Author. Retrieved from http://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=/t20/e245/&file=inebase.Google Scholar
Lameiras, M., Rodríguez, Y., & Dafonte, S. (2002). Evolución de la percepción de riesgo de la transmisión heterosexual del VIH en universitarios/as españoles/as [Evolution of HIV risk perception in heterosexual relationships in a simple of Spanish University Students]. Psicothema, 14, 255–261.Google Scholar
Lesser, J., Koniak-Griffin, D., Huang, R., Takayanagi, S., & Cumberland, W. G. (2009). Parental protectiveness and unprotected sexual activity among Latino adolescent mothers and fathers. AIDS Education and Prevention, 21, 88–102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahoney, C. A. (1995). The role of cues, self-efficacy, level of worry, and high-risk behaviors in college student condom use. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 21, 103–116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maxwell, A. E., Bastani, R., & Warda, U.S. (2002). Pilot test of a single-session AIDS workshop for young Hispanic U.S. immigrants. Journal of Immigrant Health, 4, 73–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muñiz, J., & Hamblenton, R. K. (1996). Directrices para la traducción y adaptación de los tests [Guides for test traslation and adaptation]. Papeles del Psicólogo, 66, 63–70.Google Scholar
Muñoz-Silva, A., Sánchez-García, M., Martins, A., & Nunes, C. (2009). Gender differences in HIV-related sexual behavior among college students from Spain and Portugal. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 12, 485–495.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pantin, H., Prado, G., Schwartz, S. J., & Sullivan, S. (2005). Methodological challenges in designing efficacious drug abuse and HIV preventive interventions for Hispanic adolescent subgroups. Journal of Urban Health, 82, 92–102. doi:10.1093/jurban/jti067CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pantin, H., Schwartz, S. J., Sullivan, S., Prado, G., & Szapocznik, J. (2004). Ecodevelopmental HIV prevention programs for Hispanic adolescents. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 74, 545–558. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.74.4.545CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peragallo, N., DeForge, B. R., Khoury, Z., Rivero, R., & Talashek, M. (2002). Latinas' perspectives on HIV/AIDS: cultural issues to consider in prevention. Hispanic Health Care International, 1, 11–23.Google Scholar
Poppen, P. J., & Reisen, C. A. (1997). Perception of risk and sexual self-protective behaviour: a methodological critique. AIDS Education and Prevention, 9, 373–390.Google ScholarPubMed
Prado, G., Schwartz, S. J., Pattatuci-Aragón, A., Clatts, M., Pantin, H., Fernández, M.I., … Szapozcnik, J. (2006). The prevention of HIV transmission in Hispanic adolescents. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 84, 43–53. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reisen, C. A., & Poppen, P. J. (1999). Partner-specific risk perception: A new conceptualization of perceived vulnerability of STDs. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 667–684. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb02018.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sales, J. M., Spitalnick, J., Milhausen, R. R., Wingood, G. M., DiClemente, R. J., Salazar, L. F., … Crosby, R. A. (2009). Validation of the worry about sexual outcomes scale for use in STI/HIV prevention interventions for adolescent females. Health Education Research, 24, 140–152. doi:10.1093/her/cyn006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
St. Lawrence, J. S., Crosby, R. A., Belcher, L., Yazdani, N., & Brasfield, T. L. (1999). Sexual risk reduction and anger management interventions for incarcerated male adolescents: A randomized controlled trial of two interventions. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 24, 9–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teva, I., Bermúdez, M. P., & Buela-Casal, G. (2009). Characteristics of sexual behavior in Spanish adolescents. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 12, 471–484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vanoss Marín, B. (2003). HIV prevention in the Hispanic community: sex, culture and empowerment. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 14, 186–192. doi:10.1177/104365960301 4003005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Villarruel, A. M., Jemmott, J. B., Jemmott, L. S., & Ronis, D. L. (2007). Predicting condom use among sexually experienced Latino adolescents. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 29, 724–738. doi:10.1177/0193945907303102CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vizeu Camargo, B., & Bousfield, A. B. S. (2009). Social representations, risk behaviors and AIDS. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 12, 565–575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar