Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T09:32:15.050Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Rural Homelessness: Prevention Practices in Wales

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 December 2019

Andrea Gibbons
Affiliation:
University of Salford E-mail: [email protected]
Iolo Madoc-Jones
Affiliation:
Wrexham Glyndŵr University E-mail: [email protected]
Anya Ahmed
Affiliation:
University of Salford E-mail: [email protected]
Katy Jones
Affiliation:
Manchester Metropolitan University E-mail: [email protected]
Michaela Rogers
Affiliation:
University of Sheffield E-mail: [email protected]
Mark Wilding
Affiliation:
University of Salford E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Homelessness is largely understood as an urban issue and so rural homelessness is to a large extent invisible in both academic literature and in policy and practice discussions, just as it is often invisible in discourses of everyday rural life. This article draws on extensive interviews with homeless service users and providers in three rural authorities in Wales to give a clearer sense of the nature and challenges of rural homelessness. The article documents and explores the very different strategies employed by those facing homelessness in the rural context, as well as those of rural local authorities providing them preventative and person-centred support. Analysis of the struggle of many rural households to remain in place, often at the cost of homelessness and lowered ability to access services, will have resonance in a range of contexts and have implications for policy makers and practitioners in rural contexts beyond Wales.

Type
Themed Section: Homelessness Prevention in an International Policy Context
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahmed, A., Wilding, M., Gibbons, A., Jones, K., Rogers, M. and Madoc-Jones, I. (2017) Post-Implementation Evaluation of the Homelessness Legislation (Part 2 of the Housing Act (Wales) 2014) Interim Report, Cardiff: Welsh Government.Google Scholar
Ahmed, A., Wilding, M., Gibbons, A., Jones, K., Rogers, M. and Madoc-Jones, I. (2018) Post-Implementation Evaluation of Part 2 of the Housing Act (Wales) 2014: Final Report (No. GSR report number 46/2018), Cardiff: Welsh Government.Google Scholar
Argent, N. and Rolly, F. (2006) ‘Inhabiting the margins: a geography of rural homelessness in Australia’, in Milbourne, P. and Cloke, P. (eds.), International Perspectives on Rural Homelessness, London: Routledge, 208–30.Google Scholar
Baker, K. J., Mould, R., Stewart, F., Restrick, S., Melone, H. and Atterson, B. (2019) ‘Never try and face the journey alone: exploring the face-to-face advocacy needs of fuel poor householders in the United Kingdom’, Energy Research and Social Science, 51, 210–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blythe, H. (2006) The Stigma of Rural Homelessness in Wales, Cardiff: Wallich Clifford Community.Google Scholar
Bramley, G. and Fitzpatrick, S. (2018) ‘Homelessness in the UK: who is most at risk?Housing Studies, 33, 1, 121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Busch-Geertsema, V. and Fitzpatrick, S. (2008) ‘Effective homelessness prevention? Explaining reductions in homelessness in Germany and England’, European Journal of Homelessness, 2, 6995.Google Scholar
Carpenter-Song, E., Ferron, J. and Kobylenski, S. (2016) ‘Social exclusion and survival for families facing homelessness in rural New England’, Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless, 25, 1, 4152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chambers, P. and Thompson, A. (2005) ‘Public religion and political change in Wales’, Sociology, 39, 1, 2946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloke, P., Milbourne, P. and Widdowfield, R. (2001a) ‘Interconnecting housing, homelessness and rurality: evidence from local authority homelessness officers in England and Wales’, Journal of Rural Studies, 17, 99111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloke, P., Milbourne, P. and Widdowfield, R. (2001b) ‘Homelessness and rurality: exploring connections in local spaces of rural England’, Sociologia Ruralis, 41, 4, 438–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Commission on Rural Housing in Wales (2008) Final Report of the JRF Commission on Rural Housing in Wales, York: JRF.Google Scholar
Culhane, D. P., Metraux, S. and Byrne, T. (2011) ‘A prevention-centered approach to homelessness assistance: a paradigm shift?’, Housing Policy Debate, 21, 2, 295315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, G. and Jones, D. (2006) ‘Civil society and the institutions of economic development’, in Day, G., Dunkerley, D. and Thompson, A. (eds.), Civil Society in Wales: Politics, policy and people, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 3964.Google Scholar
First, R. J., Rife, J. C. and Toomey, B. G. (1994) ‘Homelessness in rural areas: causes, patterns, and trends’, Social Work, 39, 1, 97108.Google ScholarPubMed
Fitzpatrick, S., Johnsen, S. and Watts, B. (2012) International Homelessness Policy Review: A Report to Inform the Review of Homelessness Legislation in Wales, Cardiff: Welsh Government.Google Scholar
Fitzpatrick, S., Pawson, H., Bramley, G., Wilcox, S. and Wood, J. (2017) The Homelessness Monitor: Wales 2017, https://www.crisis.org.uk/ending-homelessness/homelessness-knowledge-hub/homelessness-monitor/wales/the-homelessness-monitor-wales-2017/ [accessed 22.08.2018].Google Scholar
Gallent, N., Mace, N. and Tewdwr-Jones, M. (2018) ‘The impacts of second homes’, in Gallent, N. and Tewdwr-Jones, M. (eds.), Rural Second Homes in Europe: Examining Housing Supply and Planning Control, London: Routledge, 5586.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, D., Shaw, J. and Farrington, J. (2006) ‘Community transport, social capital and social exclusion in rural areas’, Area, 38, 1, 8998.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inkson, S. (2009) The Effects of Recent Migration on Local Authorities’ Allocation of Housing and Actions under Homelessness Legislation: A Study in Six Local Authorities, Cardiff: Welsh Government.Google Scholar
Institute for Welsh Affairs (2006) Future of Social Housing in Wales, Cardiff.Google Scholar
Jones, A. (2017) ‘Housing First Project’ Isle of Anglesey County Council, https://chcymru.org.uk/uploads/events_attachments/What_is_Housing_First.pdf [accessed 13.06.2019].Google Scholar
Kitchen, L. and Milbourne, P. (2006) Housing Need in rural Wales: Towards Sustainable Solutions, WRO Research Report No. 10, Cardiff: Wales Rural Observatory.Google Scholar
Lawrence, M. (1995) ‘Rural homelessness: a geography without a geography’, Journal of Rural Studies, 11, 3, 297307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackie, P. (2014) ‘The Welsh homelessness legislation review: delivering universal access to appropriate assistance’, Contemporary Wales, 27, 120.Google Scholar
Mackie, P., Fitzpatrick, S., Stirling, T., Johnsen, S. and Hoffman, S. (2012) Options for an Improved Homelessness Legislative Framework In Wales: A Report to Inform the Review of Homelessness Legislation in Wales, Cardiff: Welsh Government.Google Scholar
Madoc-Jones, I., Parry, O. and Hughes, C. (2012) ‘Minority language non-use in service settings: what we know, how we know it and what we might not know’, Current Issues in Language Planning, 13, 3, 249–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, R. (2006) ‘Between consent and coercion: civil society, bilingualism and the Welsh language’, in Day, G., Dunkerley, D. and Thompson, A. (eds.), Civil Society in Wales: Politics, Policy and People, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 252–68.Google Scholar
Melucci, A. (1994) ‘A strange kind of newness: what’s new in new social movements?’, in Larana, E., Johnson, H. and Gusfield, J. (eds.), New Social Movements: From Ideology to Identity, Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 101–30.Google Scholar
Milbourne, P. (2012) ‘Poverty in rural wales: material hardship and social inclusion’, in Milbourne, P. (ed.), Rural Wales in the Twenty-First Century: Society, Economy and Environment, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 254–70.Google Scholar
Milbourne, P. and Cloke, P. (eds.) (2006) International Perspectives on Rural Homelessness, London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Milbourne, P., Hughes, R. and Hartwell, S. (2006) Homelessness in Rural Wales, WRO Research Report No. 9, Cardiff: Wales Rural Observatory.Google Scholar
Office for National Statistics (ONS ) (2018) 2011 Census Analysis - Comparing Rural and Urban Areas of England and Wales, https://www.basw.co.uk/system/files/resources/basw_41648-6_0.pdf [accessed 24.03.2019].Google Scholar
Pritchard, A. and Morgan, N. (2003) ‘Mythic geographies of representation and identity: contemporary postcards of Wales’, Tourism and Cultural Change, 1, 2, 111–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Public Policy Institute for Wales (2016) Rural Poverty in Wales: Existing Research and Evidence Gaps, Cardiff: Public Policy Institute for Wales, http://ppiw.org.uk/files/2016/06/An-introduction-to-Rural-Poverty.pdf [accessed 24.03.2019].Google Scholar
Robinson, D. (2004) ‘Rough sleeping in rural England: challenging a problem denied’, Policy and Politics, 32, 4, 471–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, D. and Coward, S. (2003) Hidden Homelessness: Your Place, Not Mine: The Experiences of Homeless People Staying With Family and Friends, London: Crisis and the Countryside Agency.Google Scholar
Rogers, A. (1985) ‘Local claims on rural housing: a review’, Town Planning Review, 56, 3, 367–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rural Housing Solutions, Da, Cyngor, Dragons, Three (2014) An Evaluation of the Rural Housing Enablers in Wales: Literature Review (No. 7/2014), Merthyr Tydfil: Welsh Government.Google Scholar
Sandberg, L. (2013) ‘Backward, dumb, and violent hillbillies? Rural geographies and intersectional studies on intimate partner violence’, Affilia, 28, 4, 350–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shapiro, S. (2014) Homelessness in Rural America, National Advisory Committee on Rural Health and Human Services.Google Scholar
Snelling, C. (2017) Right to Home? Rethinking Homelessness in Rural Communities, Institute for Public Policy Research.Google Scholar
Stefancic, A. and Tsemberis, S. (2007) ‘Housing First for long-term shelter dwellers with psychiatric disabilities in a suburban county: a four-year study of housing access and retention’, Journal of Primary Prevention, 28, 265–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stephenson, J. (ed.) (2001) Teaching and Learning Online: Pedagogies for New Technologies, London: Kogan Page.Google Scholar
Waegemakers Schiff, J., Schiff, R., Turner, A. and Bernard, K. (2015) ‘Rural homelessness in Canada: directions for planning and research’, Journal of Rural Community Development, 10, 4, 85106.Google Scholar
Welsh Government (2008) A Statistical Focus on Rural Wales, 2008 Edition, http://gov.wales/docs/statistics/2008/080515-statistical-focus-rural-wales-08-en.pdf [accessed 15.08.2018].Google Scholar
Welsh Government (2016) Code of Guidance for Local Authorities on the Allocation of Accommodation and Homelessness, Cardiff: Welsh Government.Google Scholar
Welsh Government (2018b) Wales Statistics on Homelessness, https://gov.wales/statistics-and-research/national-rough-sleeping-count/?tab=previous&lang=en [accessed 22.08.2018].Google Scholar
Williams, E. and Doyle, R. (2016) ‘Rural Poverty in Wales: Existing Research and Evidence Gaps’, Public Policy Institute for Wales.Google Scholar