Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T05:15:59.891Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Authoritarianism and Social Policy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2019

Bill Jordan*
Affiliation:
University of Plymouth, E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Authoritarianism seems to be emerging as the default mode of global capitalism. In the absence of reliable economic growth, and with working-class incomes in long-term stagnation, both liberal and social democratic parties have lost support in many countries, and authoritarian regimes have come to power in several. But poor people in the USA, UK and Europe have long experienced coercion, being forced to accept low-paid, insecure work or face benefits sanctions. As a growing proportion of workers have come to rely on supplements such as tax credits, the working class has been divided, and opportunistic authoritarian politicians have mobilised the anxiety and resentment of those on the margins of poverty. This article argues that only an active civil society, with voluntary agencies uncompromised by involvement in coercive policies, along with universal, unconditional Basic Incomes for all citizens, can reverse these trends.

Type
Articles
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akee, R. K., Copeland, W. E., Keeler, G., Angold, A. and Costello, E. J. (2010) ‘Parents’ incomes and children’s outcomes: a quasi-experiment’, American Journal of Economics: Applied Economics, 2, 1, 86115.Google ScholarPubMed
Bastani, A. (2019) Fully Automated Luxury Communism, London: Verso.Google Scholar
Bien Newsflash (2009) BIEN, December.Google Scholar
Blond, P. (2010) Red Tory: How Left and Right Have Broken Britain and How to Fix It, London: Faber and Faber.Google Scholar
Bregman, R. (2017) Utopia for Realists and How We Can Get There, London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Bynner, J. and Parsons, S. (2003) ‘Social participation, values and crime’, in Ferri, E., Bynner, J. and Wadsworth, M. (eds.), Changing Britain, Changing Lives: Three Generations at the Turn of the Century, London: Institute of Education, University of London, 261–94.Google Scholar
Cameron, D. (2009) ‘The Big Society’, Hugo Young Memorial Lecture, London, 10 November.Google Scholar
Cohen, M. N. (1965) The Food Crisis in Prehistory: Overpopulation and the Crisis of Food Growth, New York: Aldine.Google Scholar
Cousins, M. (2016) ‘The Irish social protection system’, in Dukelow, F. and Considine, M. (eds.), The Irish Welfare State in the Twenty-First Century: Challenges and Change, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 3859.Google Scholar
Davies, J. S. (2012) ‘Network governance theory: a Gramscian critique’, Environment and Planning, 44, 11, 2687–704.Google Scholar
Despatches (2015) Channel 4TV, 2 November.Google Scholar
Evans-Pritchard, E. E. (1940) The Nuer, Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Fitzpatrick, T. (1999) Freedom and Security: An Introduction to the Basic Income Debate, London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fitzpatrick, T. (2003) After the New Social Democracy: Social Welfare in the Twenty-First Century, Manchester: Manchester University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gorz, A. (1997) Misere du present, Richesse du Possible, Paris: Galilee.Google Scholar
Haagh, L. (2018) The Case for Universal Basic Income, Cambridge: Polity.Google Scholar
Hanlon, J., Barrientos, A. and Hulme, D. (2010) Just Give Money to the Poor, Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Harrmann, C. and Harrmann, D. (2012) ‘Piloting BI in Namibia – critical reflections on the process and possible lessons’, paper presented to the BIEN congress, Munich, Germany.Google Scholar
Hobbes, T. (1651) Leviathan, Oxford: Blackwell (1966).Google Scholar
Hutchinson, F., Mellor, M. and Olsen, W. K. (2002) The Politics of Money: Towards Sustainability and Economic Democracy, London: Pluto.Google Scholar
Ishkanian, A. and Szreter, S. (eds.) (2012) The Big Society Debate: A New Agenda for Welfare?, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Jauch, H. H., Shindondola-Mote, H., Nattrass, N., Van Niekerk, I. and Samson, M. (2009) ‘Making the Difference! The BIG in Namibia’, Windhoek Desk for Social Development of the Lutheran Church in the republic of Namibia, http://www.bignam.org/publications/BIG_Assessment_report_086.pdf.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. (1973) Paupers: The Making of the New Claiming Class, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. (1976) Freedom and the Welfare State, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. (1981) Automatic Poverty, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. (1986) The State: Authority and Autonomy, Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. (1996) A Theory of Poverty and Social Exclusion, Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. (2008) Welfare and Well-being: Social Value in Public Policy, Bristol: Policy Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, B. (2010) Why the Third Way Failed: Economics, Morality and the Origins of the ‘Big Society’, Bristol: Policy Press.Google Scholar
Jordan, B. (2019) Authoritarianism and How to Counter It, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Lapavitsas, C. (2019) The Left Case against the EU, Bristol: Policy Press.Google Scholar
Lewis, J. (1992) ‘Gender and the development of welfare regimes’, European Journal of Social Policy, 2, 3, 159–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehto, O. (2018) ‘An earthquake in Finland’, in Downes, A. and Lansley, S. (eds.), It’s Basic Income: The Global Debate, Bristol: Policy Press, 165–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mauss, M. (1925) The Gift: Forms and Functions of Exchange in Archaic Societies, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul (1969).Google Scholar
Mead, L. M. (1986) Beyond Entitlement: The Social Obligations of Citizenship, New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Meade, J. E. (1938) Consumers’ Credits and Unemployment, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mill, J. S. (1848) Principles of Political Economy, Oxford: Oxford University Press (1994).Google Scholar
Mill, J. S. (1859) On Liberty, London: Dent (1912).Google Scholar
Mounk, Y. (2018) The People versus Democracy: Why our Freedom is in Danger and How to Save It, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Coalition for Independent Action (NCIA) (2015) Our Last Word: Fighting for the Soul of Voluntary Action, London: NCIA.Google Scholar
Newman, A. L. (2003) ‘When opportunity knocks: economic liberalisation and stealth welfare in the United States’, Journal of Social Policy, 32, 2, 179–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
News (2005) BBC World Service, 3 February.Google Scholar
News (2018) BBC Radio 4, 10 October.Google Scholar
Offe, C. (1992) ‘A non-productivist design for social policies’, in Van Parijs, P. (ed.), Arguing for Basic Income, London: Verso, 6186.Google Scholar
One to One (2019) BBC Radio 4, 5 February.Google Scholar
Parker, H. (1988) Instead of the Dole: An Enquiry into the Integration of the Tax and Benefit Systems, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Profile (2018) BBC Radio 4, 4 November.Google Scholar
Pateman, C. (1988) The Sexual Contract, Cambridge: Polity.Google Scholar
Putnam, R. D. (1993) Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Putnam, R. D. (2000) Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, New York: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Sandel, M. (2009) Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do?, London: Allen Lane.Google Scholar
Sandel, M. (2010) ‘Frustration with politics builds’, The Guardian, 20 April, 1.Google Scholar
Smith, A. (1759) The Theory of Moral Sentiments, New York: Harper Row (1948).Google Scholar
Smith, A. (1776) The Wealth of Nations, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1976).Google Scholar
Standing, G. (1999) Global Labour Flexibility: Seeking Distributive Justice, Basingstoke: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Standing, G. (2002) Beyond the New Paternalism: Basic Security as Equality, London: Verso.Google Scholar
Standing, G. (2011) The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class, London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Standing, G. (2017) The Corruption of Capitalism: Why Rentiers Thrive and Work Does Not Pay, London: Biteback.Google Scholar
Stayton, R. (2019) Solar Dividends: How Solar Energy Can Generate a Basic Income for Everyone on Earth, Santa Cruz, CA: Sandstone Publishing.Google Scholar
Taylor, M. (1976) Anarchy and Co-operation, London: Wiley.Google Scholar
Tocqueville, A. de (1836) Democracy in America, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul (1967).Google Scholar
Torry, M. (2013) Money for Everyone, Bristol: Policy Press.Google Scholar
Van Parijs, P. (1989) ‘A revolution in class theory’, Politics and Society, 15, 453–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Parijs, P. (1995) Real Freedom for All: What (If Anything) Can Justify Capitalism?, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Van Trier, W. (1995) Everyone a King: The Debate on Basic Incomes in British Interwar Experience, Leuven: Catholic University of Leuven.Google Scholar
Waddan, A. (1997) The Politics of Welfare: The Collapse of the Centre and the Rise of the Right, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Zuboff, S. (2018) The Age of Surveillance Capitalism and the Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power, New York: Profile Books.Google Scholar