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Invertebrate Trace Fossils: The Backbone of Continental Ichnology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2017

Stephen T. Hasiotis  and
Thomas M. Bown
Stephen T. Hasiotis
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, Campus Box 250, Boulder, CO 80309-0250 and U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25046, M.S. 919, DFC, Denver, CO 80225-0046
Thomas M. Bown
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25046, M.S. 919, DFC, Denver, CO 80225-0046
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The purpose of this chapter is to evoke new concepts, provide guidelines and new frontiers for future research, and demonstrate that invertebrate traces actually comprise the “backbone” of continental (as well as marine) ichnology. Invertebrate organisms that inhabit the continental, nonmarine realm include some of the most diverse and populous classes in the animal kingdom. For example, both the Insecta and Crustacea exhibit burrowing behaviors unique to subaqueous freshwater and subaerial systems. Because of the sheer biomass of burrowing pupae, larvae, juvenile, and adult stages of these organisms, invertebrates dependent on the position of the water table form the basis for ecological niche-partitioning of depositional systems within all of the continental realm. A distinction must be made here between continental and marine ichnocoenoses because they represent distinctly different styles of living. These in turn dictate different behavioral and genetic responses of the organisms that inhabit them. Burrow architectures that occur in both continental and marine ichnocoenoses can be differentiated by subtle differences in morphology that are due to convergence of the burrowing mechanisms of the respective organisms.

Type
Research Article
Information
Short Courses in Paleontology , Volume 5: Trace Fossils , 1992 , pp. 64 - 104
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 Paleontological Society 

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