Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T06:25:33.117Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluation of dormancy and germination responses to temperature in Carduus acanthoides and Anagallis arvensis using a screening system, and relationship with field-observed emergence patterns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2007

Betina C. Kruk  and
Roberto L. Benech-Arnold
Betina C. Kruk*
Affiliation:
Cátedra de Cerealiculture, Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. San Martin 4453, (1417) Buenos Aires, Argentina
Roberto L. Benech-Arnold
Affiliation:
Cátedra de Cerealiculture, Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. San Martin 4453, (1417) Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
*Fax: (5411) 45148737/9 Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Experiments on the facultative winter annuals Carduus acanthoides and Anagallis arvensis were performed: (i) to determine thermal conditions that induce or release dormancy, (ii) to investigate to what extent changes in dormancy level resulting from those thermal conditions explain the seasonal pattern of emergence of these species, and (iii) to estimate required thermal time and base temperature for the germination of non-dormant seeds. Carduus acanthoides required high temperatures followed by decreasing temperatures for dormancy release; however, low winter temperatures did not induce secondary dormancy as expected for a winter annual. To the contrary, low temperatures stimulated dormancy release in the long term. In A. arvensis, dormancy relief was enhanced by dry storage at 25°C, and the response to low temperature was different depending on moisture conditions. Prolonged exposure to moist-chilling increased the dormancy level of the population, while dry storage at 4°C relieved dormancy. For both species, changes in the thermal range permissive for germination as a result of dormancy modifications explained to a large extent the timing of the emergence periods observed in the field. In neither species did base temperature for germination change with the dormancy level of the population. Thermal time required forgermination of C. acanthoides varied with dormancy, while for A. arvensis seeds it was constant.

Keywords

after-ripeningAnagallis arvensisCarduus acanthoidesdormancyfacultative winter annualsgerminationtemperaturethermal time
Type
Research Article
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 10 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 77 - 88
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1975) Ecophysiology of seed dormancy and germination in Torilis japonica in relation to its life cycle strategy. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 102, 67–72.Google Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1976) High temperature requirement for after-ripening in seeds of winter annuals. New Phytologist 77, 619–624.Google Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1977) Role of temperature in the germination ecology of three summer annual weeds. Oecologia 30, 377–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1978) Seasonal changes in the germination response of Cyperus inflexus seeds to temperature and their ecological significance. Botanical Gazette 139, 231–235.Google Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1979) The ecological life cycle of Thlaspi perfoliatum and a comparision with published studies on Thlaspi arvense. Weed Research 19, 285–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1983) Seasonal changes in the germination responses of buried seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana and ecological interpretation. Botanical Gazette 144, 540–543.Google Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1984) Role of temperature in regulating timing of germination in soil seed reserves of Lamium purpureum L. Weed Research 24, 341–349.Google Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (1989) Germination response of buried seeds of Capsella-bursa pastoris exposed to seasonal temperature changes. Weed Research 29, 205–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benech-Arnold, R.L. and Sánchez, R.A. (1995) Modelling weed seed germination. pp. 545–566in Kigel, J., Galili, G. (Eds) Seed development and germination. New York. Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Benech-Arnold, R.L., Ghersa, C.M., Sánchez, R.A. and Insausti, P. (1990a) Temperature effects on dormancy release and germination rate in Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. seeds: a quantitative analysis. Weed Research 30, 81–89.Google Scholar
Benech-Arnold, R.L., Ghersa, C.M., Sánchez, R.A. and Insausti, P. (1990b) A mathematical model to predict Sorghum halepense seed germination in relation to soil temperature. Weed Research 30, 91–99.Google Scholar
Bewley, J.D. and Black, M. (1982) Physiology and biochemistry of seeds. Volume 2, Berlin, Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H.J. (1990) The effect of environmental conditions on the seasonal dormancy pattern and germination of weed seeds. PhD thesis. Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H.J. and Karssen, C.M. (1992) The dual role of temperature in the regulation of the seasonal changes in dormancy and germination of seeds of Polygonum persicaria L. Oecologia 90, 88–94.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H.J. and Karssen, C.M. (1993) Annual changes in dormancy and germination in seeds of Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. New Phytologist 124, 179–191.Google Scholar
Bauer, M.C., Meyer, S.E. and Allen, P.S. (1998) A simulation model to predict seed dormancy loss in the field for Bromus tectorum L. Journal of Experimental Botany 49, 1235–1244.Google Scholar
Grant Lipp, A.E. and Ballard, L.A.T. (1963) Germination pattern shown by the light sensitive seeds of Anagallisarvensis. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 16, 574–584.Google Scholar
Karssen, C.M. (1982) Seasonal patterns of dormancy in weed seeds. pp. 243–270in Khan, A.A. (Ed.) The physiology and biochemistry of seed development, dormancy and germination. Amsterdam, Elsevier Biomedical Press.Google Scholar
Kruk, B.C. and Benech-Arnold, R.L. (1998) Functional and quantitative analysis of seed thermal responses in prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea). Weed Science 46, 83–90.Google Scholar
Lauer, E. (1953) Uber die Keimtemperatur von Ackerunkrãutern und deren Einflub auf die Zusammensetzung von Unkrautgesellshaften. Flora oder Allgemeine Botanische Zeitung 140, 551–595.Google Scholar
Leguizamón, E.S., Cruz, P.A., Guiamet, J.J. and Casano, L.M. (1981) Determinación de la población de semillas de maleza en suelos del distrito de Pujato (Prov. de Santa Fe). Ecologia(Argentina) 6, 21–23.Google Scholar
McCarty, M.K., Scifres, C.J., Smith, A.L. and Horst, G.L. (1969) Germination and early seedling development of musk and plumeless thistles. Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station Research Bulletin 2, 1–28.Google Scholar
Probert, R.J. (1992) The role of temperature in germination ecophysiology. pp. 285–325in Fenner, M. (Ed) Seeds. The ecology of regeneration in plant communities. Wallingford, CAB International.Google Scholar
Roberts, E.H. (1988) Temperature and seed germination. pp. 109–132in Long, S.P., Woodward, F.I. (Eds) Plants and temperature. Cambridge, Company of Biologists Ltd.Google Scholar
Roberts, H.A. and Chancellor, R.J. (1979) Periodicity of seedling emergence and achene survival in some species of Carduus, Cirsium and Onopordum. Journal of Applied Ecology 16, 641–648.Google Scholar
Thompson, P.A. (1970) Changes in germination responses of Silene secundiflora in relation to the climate of its habitat. Physiologia Plantatum 23, 739–746.Google Scholar
Vegis, A. (1964) Dormancy in higher plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 15, 185–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Washitani, I. (1987) A convenient screening system and a model for thermal germination responses of wild plant seeds: behaviour of model and real seed in the system. Plant, Cell and Environment 10, 587–598.Google Scholar