Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T00:44:58.664Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Comparative cytological and biochemical analysis of protein storage vacuoles from cotyledons and radicles of cotton seeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2008

E.L. Vigil ,
A.L. Fleming ,
T. Fang ,
N. Chaney  and
W. P. Wergin
E.L. Vigil*
Affiliation:
Climate Stress Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
A.L. Fleming
Affiliation:
Climate Stress Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
T. Fang
Affiliation:
Climate Stress Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
N. Chaney
Affiliation:
Electron Microscopy Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
W. P. Wergin
Affiliation:
Electron Microscopy Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
*
*Correspondence
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) from radicles and cotyledons of dry cotton seeds were isolated by differential centrifugation following homogenization in glycerol. Protein complement analysis of isolated PSVs with one dimensional SDS-PAGE gels revealed similar major storage proteins, viz. 53 and 48 kDa, with differences in lower molecular mass proteins. Radicle PSVs have apparently more 35-kDa and less 22-kDa storage protein than do cotyledon PSVs. The mineral composition of whole radicles, cotyledons and isolated PSVs from radicles and cotyledons was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and colorimetric elemental analyses. The concentration of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and phosphate (P) was lower in isolated PSVs from radicles than from cotyledons, resulting in a marked difference in the Mg/Ca and (Mg+Ca)/K ratios in PSVs from these two sources. Analysis of radicle and cotyledon tissue from dry seeds for mineral distribution with EDX and scanning electron microscopy revealed major concentrations of Mg, K and P in PSVs. These observations indicate that PSVs in radicles are similar in protein and mineral composition to PSVs in cotyledons. PSVs in radicles have the potential function as storage organelles to provide minerals and nutrients for radicle growth during imbibition and germination.

Keywords

EDXcotton seedprotein bodyatomic absorption spectroscopyradiclecotyledonSDS-PAGEelectron microscopy
Type
Physiology and Biochemistry
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , March 1996 , pp. 31 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bain, J.M. and Mercer, F.V. (1966a) Subcellular organization of the cotyledons in germinating seeds and seedlings of Pisum sativum L. Australian Journal of Biological Science 19, 69–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bain, J.M. and Mercer, F.V. (1966b) The relationship of the axis and the cotyledons in germinating seeds and seedlings of Pisum sativum L. Australian Journal of Biological Science 19, 85–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buttrose, M.S. (1978) Manganese and iron in globoid crystals of protein bodies from Avena and Casuarina. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 5, 631–639.Google Scholar
Dure, L., III Pyle, J.B., Chlan, C.A., Baker, J.C. and Galau, G.A. (1983) Developmental biochemistry of cottonseed embryogenesis and germination XVII. Plant Molecular Biology 2, 199–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenwood, J.S. and Bewley, J.D. (1984). Subcellular distribution of phytin in the endosperm of developing castor bean: a possibility for its synthesis in the cytoplasm prior to deposition within protein bodies. Planta 160, 113–120CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herman, E.M., Hankins, C.N. and Shannon, L.M.. (1988) Bark and leaf lectins of Sophora japonica are sequestered in protein-storage vacuoles. Plant Physiology 86, 1027–1031.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jackson, M.L. (1958) Soil chemical analysis Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice Hall Inc.Google Scholar
Johnson, L.F. and Tate, M.E.. (1969) Structure of ‘phytic acids’. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 47, 63–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lott, J.N.A. (1980) Protein bodies. pp 589–623 in Tolbert, N. (Ed.) The biochemistry of plants: A comprehensive treatise, Vol 1. New York, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lott, J.N.A., Greenwood, J.S. and Vollmer, C.M.. (1982) Mineral reserves of castor beans: The dry seed. Plant Physiology 69, 829–833.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lott, J.N.A., Randall, P.J., Goodchild, D.J. and Craig, S. (1985) Occurrence of globoid crystals in cotyledonary protein bodies of Pisum sativum as influenced by experimentally induced changes in Mg, Ca and K contents of seeds. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 12, 341–353.Google Scholar
Makower, R.U. (1969) Changes in phytic acid and acid soluble phosphorus in maturing pinto beans. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture 20, 82–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Markwell, M.A.K., Hass, S.Z., Beiber, L. L. and Tolbert, N.E. (1978) A modification of the Lowry procedure to simplify protein determination in membrane and lipoprotein samples. Analytical Biochemistry 87, 206–210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Kennedy, B.T. and Titus, J.S.. (1979) Isolation and mobilization of storage proteins from apple bark. Physiologia Plantarum 45, 419–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perner, E. (1965) Electronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an Zellen von Embryonen im Zustand volliger Samenruhe. II. Die Aleuronkorner in der Radicula luftrockener Samen von Pisum sativum L. Planta 67, 324–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Staswick, P.E. (1994) Storage proteins of vegetative plant tissues. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 45, 303–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toma, R.B., Tsbrkhia, M.M. and Williams, J.D. (1979) Phytate and oxylate contents in sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) Nutrition Report International 20, 25–31.Google Scholar
Vigil, E.L., Steere, R.L., Christiansen, M.N. and Erbe, E.F. (1985a) Structural changes in protein bodies of cotton radicles during seed maturation and germination. pp 311–334 in Robards, A.W. (Ed.) Botanical microscopy 1985. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Vigil, E.L., Steere, R.L., Wergin, W.P. and Christiansen, M.N. (1985a) Tissue preparation and fine structure of radicle apex from cotton seeds. American Journal of Botany 71, 645–659.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, E. and Neumann, D. (1980) Protein bodies, storage organelles in plant seeds. Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen 175, 279–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wergin, W.P. (1981) Scanning electron microscope techniques and applications for use in nematology. pp 175–204 in Zuckerman, B.M. and Rhode, R.A. (Eds) Plant parasitic nematodes, Vol. 3. New York, Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoo, B.Y. (1970) Ultrastructural changes in cells of pea embryo radicles during germination. Journal of Cell Biology 45, 168–171.Google ScholarPubMed