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Thermal requirements of seed germination of ten tree species occurring in the western Brazilian Amazon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2019

L. Felipe Daibes Open the ORCID record for L. Felipe Daibes [Opens in a new window] ,
Semirian C. Amoêdo ,
Jeane do Nascimento Moraes ,
Natália Fenelon ,
Débora Rosa da Silva ,
Max Jr de Melo Lopes ,
Lidiane A. Vargas ,
Ediléia F. Monteiro  and
Renita B.C. Frigeri
L. Felipe Daibes*
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), I.B. Departamento de Botânica, Av. 24A 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
Semirian C. Amoêdo
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Laboratório de Sementes, Av. André Araujo 2936, 69087-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
Jeane do Nascimento Moraes
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
Natália Fenelon
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Centro de Artes, Rua Álvaro Chaves 65, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Débora Rosa da Silva
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
Max Jr de Melo Lopes
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
Lidiane A. Vargas
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
Ediléia F. Monteiro
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
Renita B.C. Frigeri
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Departamento de Biologia, BR-364, Km 9.5, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, 29075-910 Vitória, ES, Brazil
*
*Author for correspondence: L. Felipe Daibes, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Regeneration from seed affects species assembly in plant communities, and temperature is the most important environmental factor controlling the germination process. Thermal dependence of seed germination is thus associated with species occurrence in an ecosystem. Hence, we aimed to investigate the role of temperature on seed germination of ten tree species from the western Brazilian Amazon. Seeds were collected in the state of Rondônia, Brazil, and set to germinate under constant temperatures ranging from 10 to 40°C in germination chambers. We calculated germination capacity (G%), germination rate (GR50, reciprocal of germination time), and thermal parameters, such as cardinal temperatures and thermal time requirements. Most species had a large range of temperatures showing G% ≥80%, with optimal temperature varying from 20 to 40°C. Base temperature ranged from 6 to 12°C and ceiling temperatures were mainly >40°C. Astronium lecointei and Parkia nitida showed high germination capacity under temperatures of 35–40°C, while germination of Theobroma cacao dropped from 100% to zero under temperatures between 37 and 40°C. The climax species Cedrela fissilis had the slowest germination time (10 days) and highest thermal time requirement, while seeds of Enterolobium schomburgkii (a late-successional species) germinated within the first day of the experiment. Rapid recruitment of Amazon species could be favoured with treefall disturbance, which increases temperatures in the understory, but sharp limits might be found in the supra-optimal range of temperatures. Such patterns might indicate different regeneration strategies in the tropical rainforest, providing important information regarding seed germination among Amazon species.

Keywords

Amazoniacardinal temperaturerainforestregeneration nichetemperaturethermal timetropical forest
Type
Research Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 29 , Issue 2 , June 2019 , pp. 115 - 123
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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