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Evolution by Blind Chance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2009

Barrie Britton
Affiliation:
15 Oaktree Gardens, Bishopsworth, Bristol, Avon BS13 8HX

Extract

Ever since Charles Darwin first published his revolutionary book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, there has been considerable disagreement among Christians concerning both the truth of evolutionary theory and its possible reconciliation with the Bible. Some Christians have taken the so-called ‘fundamentalist creationist’ position believing in a literal interpretation of the first few chapters of Genesis. Others have adopted so-called ‘theistic evolutionist’ views accepting to various different degrees Darwinian ideas about origins. One point however on which most Christians (and indeed non-Christians) are agreed, is that an evolutionary process based on blind chance must necessarily conflict with all possible theistic world views and stands irreconcilable with the biblical text. It is this assertion which in this essay I hope to refute, as based on misunderstanding of the meaning of blind chance, of the mechanism of evolution and of the involvement of God in the universe.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Scottish Journal of Theology Ltd 1986

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References

page 341 note 1 Darwin, C. (1859) On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, Murray, London.Google Scholar

page 342 note 2 Mendel, G. (1866) Versuche über Pflanzen-Hybriden; Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereins (Brunn), 4, pp. 347Google Scholar. For an English translation see: Stern, C. and Sherwood, E. R. (1966) The Origins of Genetics. A Mendel Source-Book, American Philosophical Society, New York.Google Scholar

page 343 note 3 Some of the principal early works combining Mendelian Genetics with Darwin's theory of Natural Selection: Fisher, R. A. (1930) The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, Clarendon Press, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar; Dobzhansky, Th. (1937) Genetics and the Origin of Species, Columbia University PressGoogle Scholar; Huxley, J. S. (1942) Evolution: The Modern Synthesis, Harper, New York.Google Scholar

page 343 note 4 Monod, J. (1972) Chance and Necessity, Collins, London.Google Scholar

page 343 note 5 MacKay, D. M. (1978) Science, Chance and Providence, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

page 344 note 6 Watson, J. D. and Crick, F. H. (1953) ‘A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid’, Nature, 171, p. 737ffCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed. Watson, J. D. and Crick, F. H. (1953) ‘Genetical Implications of the Structure of DNA’, Nature, 171, p. 964ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 345 note 7 Morris, H. M. (1974) Scientific Creationism, Creation-Life Publishers, San Diego.Google Scholar

page 345 note 8 White, A. J. M. (1978) What About Origins?, Dunestone Printers, Newton Abbot.Google Scholar

page 348 note 9 Dawkins, R. (1982) The Extended Phenotype, Freeman, Oxford.Google Scholar

page 348 note 10 For further reading on imperfect adaptation: Lewontin, R. C. (1978) ‘Adaptation’, Scientific American, 239, (3), pp. 156169CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed. Gould, S. J. and Lewontin, R. C. (1979). ‘The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptionist programme’, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B205, pp. 581598CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Gould, S. J. (1980) The Panda's Thumb, Penguin, MiddlesexGoogle Scholar. Also see Dawkins (1982) — note 9.

page 350 note 11 MacKay, D. M. (1974) The Clockwork Image, Inter-Varsity Press, London.Google Scholar

page 351 note 12 Einstein, et al. (1923) The Principal of Relativity, Dover, New York, (includes translations of most of Einstein's important papers.)Google Scholar. Bernstein, J. (1973) Einstein, Fontana/Collins, Glasgow.Google Scholar

page 352 note 13 For example: Col. 1.17, Psalm 104.

page 352 note 14 H See Prov. 16.33.

page 354 note 15 For example: Eccl. 1.1–11, Rom. 8.22.

page 354 note 16 Rom. 8.20, 21.

page 354 note 17 Cameron, N. M. S. (1983) Evolution and the Authority of the Bible, Paternoster Press, Exeter.Google Scholar

page 355 note 18 Bromiley, G. W. (1970) ‘The Authority of Scripture’ in The New Bible Commentary Revised, Eds. Guthrie, D., Motyer, J. A., Stibbs, A. M., Wiseman, D. J., Inter-Varsity Press, Leicester.Google Scholar