Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T23:55:37.006Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Producing, Controlling, and Stabilizing Pasteur's Anthrax Vaccine: Creating a New Industry and a Health Market

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2008

Maurice Cassier
Maurice Cassier*
Affiliation:
CNRS
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Argument

When Pasteur and Chamberland hastily set up their small biological industry to meet the agricultural demand for the anthrax vaccine, their methods for preparation and production had not yet been stabilized. The process of learning how to standardize biological products was accelerated in 1882 when vaccination accidents required the revision of production norms as the first hypotheses on fixity, inalterability, and transportability of vaccines were invalidated and replaced by procedures for continuous monitoring of the calibration of vaccines and the renewal of vaccine strains. Initially, the incompleteness and ongoing development of production standards justified Pasteur's monopoly on the production of the anthrax vaccine under his immediate supervision. Later on, the Pasteur Institute maintained control of these standards in the framework of a commercial monopoly that it established on the veterinary vaccines first sent and then cultivated abroad by the Société de Vulgarisation du Vaccin Charbonneux Pasteur, founded in 1886.

Type
Research Article
Information
Science in Context , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , June 2008 , pp. 253 - 278
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Reference List

Arrow, Kenneth. 1962. “The Economic Implications of Learning-By-Doing.” Review of Economic Studies 26:155–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barton, H. John. 2006. “A History of Technology Transfer in Developing World and Production of Vaccines.” Working draft, Stanford University, April.Google Scholar
Bujwid, Odon. 1889. “La méthode Pasteur à Varsovie.” Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 3:177–182.Google Scholar
Cadeddu, Antonio. 1987. “Pasteur et la vaccination contre le charbon: une analyse historique et critique.” History and Philosophy of Life Sciences 9:255–276.Google Scholar
Callon, Michel. 1994. “Is Science a Public Good?” Science, Technology and Human Values 19:395–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calmette, Albert. 1891. “Note sur la rage en Indochine et sur les vaccinations antirabiques pratiquées à Saigon.” Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 5:633–638.Google Scholar
Cassier, Maurice. 2005. “Appropriation and Commercialization of the Pasteur Anthrax Vaccine.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 36:722–742.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chamberland, Charles. 1883. Le charbon et la vaccination charbonneuse. Paris: Bernard Tignol Editeur.Google Scholar
Chamberland, Charles. 1887. “Résultats pratiques de la vaccination charbonneuse.” Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 6:1–6.Google Scholar
Dubos, René. [1956] 1995. Louis Pasteur franc-tireur de la science. Paris: La Découverte.Google Scholar
Frank, Robert M., and Wrotnowska, Denise, eds. 1969. Correspondence of Pasteur and Thuillier concerning anthrax and swine fever vaccinations. With a preface by Pasteur Vallery Radot, Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Gamaleia, N. 1887. “Sur les vaccinations préventives de la rage.” Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 5:226–239.Google Scholar
Gamaléia, N. 1888. “Etude sur la vaccination charbonneuse.” Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 10:517–551.Google Scholar
Geison, Gerald L. 1995. The Private Science of Louis Pasteur. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Grmek, Mirko D. 1996. “L'âge héroïque: les vaccins de Pasteur.” In L'aventure de la vaccination, sous la direction de Anne-Marie Moulin, 143–159. Paris: Fayard.Google Scholar
Kindelberger, Charles. 1983. “Standards as Public, Collective and Private Goods.” Kyklos 36:377–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klein, Dr. 1882. “Experiments with Vaccin Charbonneux.” British Medical Journal 7 October:692.Google Scholar
Koch, Robert. 1882. “Réponse de M. Koch à M. Pasteur.” La Semaine Médicale, 28 décembre. Musée Pasteur document 17921.Google Scholar
Liebenau, Jonathan, and Robson, Michael. 1986. “L'institut Pasteur et l'industrie pharmaceutique.” In L'Institut Pasteur, contributions à son histoire, edited by Morange, Michel, 52–61. Paris: la Découverte.Google Scholar
Loir, Adrien. 1938. A l'ombre de Pasteur. Paris: le Mouvement Sanitaire.Google Scholar
Löwy, Ilana. 1994. “On hybridizations, networks and new disciplines: Pasteur Institute and the development of microbiology in France.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 25:655–688.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lutaud, Auguste. 1887. Pasteur et la rage. Paris: Publications du Journal de Médecine de Paris.Google Scholar
Mendelsohn, Andrew. 2005. “Message in a Bottle: The Business of Vaccine and the Nature of Heredity after 1880.” In A Cultural History of Heredity, 19th and early 20th Centuries, 85–100. Max Planck Institute for the History of Science.Google Scholar
Micé, L. 1883. “De la fièvre charbonneuse et des moyens d'en préserver les animaux et par suite l'homme.” Excerpt from the Journal de Médecine de Bordeaux.Google Scholar
Moulin, Anne-Marie. 1996. “La métaphore vaccine.” In L'aventure de la vaccination, edited by Moulin, Anne-Marie, 125–142. Paris: Fayard.Google Scholar
Moulin, Anne-Marie, and Guenel, Annick. 1993. “L'Institut Pasteur et la naissance de l'industrie de la santé.” In La philosophie du remède, edited by Beaune, Jean-Claude, 91–109. Champ Vallon.Google Scholar
Pasteur, Louis. 1933. Œuvres Complètes. Vol. 6, edited by Radot, Pasteur Vallery. Paris: Masson.Google Scholar
Pasteur, Louis. 1951. Correspondance Générale. Edited by Radot, Pasteur Vallery. Vols. 3 and 4. Paris: Flammarion.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, Nathan. 1982. Inside the Black Box: Technology and Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Roux, Emile. 1890. Les inoculations préventives. Proceedings of the Royal Society 46:154–172.Google Scholar
Salomon-Bayet, Claire. 1986. Pasteur et la révolution pastorienne. Paris: Payot.Google Scholar
Sinding, Christiane. 2002. “Making the Unit of Insulin: Standards, Clinical Work, and Industry, 1920–1925.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 76:231–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theodoridès, Jean. 1977. “A propos de Henri Toussaint (1847–1890) et de son oeuvre micorbiologique.” Histoire des Sciences médicales 11:201–202.Google Scholar
Tignol, Bernard, ed. 1886. Pasteur, la rage et le vaccin charbonneux. Paris: Bernard Tignol Editeur.Google Scholar
Todd, Jan. 1990. “The Pasteur Institute in Australia, Success and Failure.” In Louis Pasteur and The Pasteur Institute in Australia, edited by Chaussivert, Jean and Blackman, Maurice, 25–37. University of New South Wales.Google Scholar
Worboys, Michael. 1991. “Germs of Disease and British Veterinary Medicine: 1860–1890.” Medical History 35:308–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar