²⁶¹ Jon Duca (1879–1933): Rumanian politician; Deputy 1907–33; For. Min. 1922–8; PM 1933; assassinated by student fascist in December 1933, shortly after his government had been elected and dissolved the Iron Guard.

²⁶² Demetrius Caclamonos (1872–1949): Greek diplomat; entered dip. service 1907; Min. in London 1918–35.

²⁶³ This entry is in Sylvia Kennedy's hand.

²⁶⁴ Joseph Chamberlain (1836–1914): Lib. MP 1876–85; Lib. Unionist MP & ldr 1885–1914; Sec. of State for Colonies 1895–1903); father of Austen & Neville.

²⁶⁵ The Protocol, which Britain had refused to sign in 1924, had attempted to use arbitration and conciliation to remedy the defects contained in Article XV of the Covenant of the League. The proposal was that signatories might resort to war only in the case of resisting acts of aggression or acting in agreement with the Council or the Assembly of the League. All disputes were to be submitted to and settled by the World Court, and before and during the court's proceedings states would be barred from increasing their armaments or effectives in any way.

²⁶⁶ Vernon Bartlett (1894–1983): journalist & broadcaster; Daily Mail 1915–1917Google Scholar, The Times 1919–1922Google Scholar; Dip. London office, LoN 1922–32; broadcast regularly on for. affairs 1928–34; For. Dip. Corrspdt News Chronicle 1932–1954Google Scholar; Ind. MP Bridgwater 1938–50. See his Nazi Germany Explained (1933).Google Scholar

²⁶⁷ Fulvio Suvich (b. 1887): Fascist politician & diplomat; Fascist Deputy; delegate to LoN 1925–9, 1931–2, Hague Reparations Conf. 1929–30; U-Sec. For. Affairs 1932–6, Amb. in Washington 1936–8; delegate to Stresa Conf. 1935. See his Memorie, 1932–1936Google Scholar (ed. by Gianfranco Bianchi, 1984).

²⁶⁸ John Reith (1889–1971): Gen. Mgr, BBC 1922, Managing Dir. 1923, Dir-Gen. 1927–38; Chm. Imperial Airways 1938–9; Chm. BOAC 1939–40; Min. of Info. 1940, of Transport 1940, of Works 1940–2; kt.1927; cr. Baron Reith of Stonehaven 1940. See his Into the Wind (1949).Google Scholar

²⁶⁹ James Richard Stanhope (1880–1967): politician; Civil Ld of Admiralty 1924–9; U-Sec. for War 1931–4; Parliamentary U-Sec. of State for Foreign Affairs 1934–6; 1^st Ld of Admiralty 1938–9; Ld Pres. 1939–40; suc. 7th Earl of Stanhope 1905.

²⁷⁰ Edward Frederick L. Wood (1881–1959): Con. MP Ripon 1910–25; Pres. of Bd of Educ. 1922–4, 1932–5; Min. of Agric. 1924–5; Viceroy of India 1925–31; Sec. for War 1935; Ld Privy Seal 1935–7; Ld Pres. 1937–8; FS 1938–40; Amb. in Washington 1941–6; cr. Baron Irwin 1925, suc. 3^rd Viscount Halifax 1934, cr. Earl Halifax 1944. See his Fulness of Days (1957).Google Scholar

²⁷¹ Kennedy had already informed Dawson unofficially of the approach from the BBC. Dawson noted in his diary that ‘Leo Kennedy is obviously attracted by an offer fr[om] the BBC & I doubt whether an hour's earnest discussion before dinner really shook him. (Reith might have spoken to me before trying to bribe him away).’ Dawson Mss. 38 f. 39, Bodleian Library.

²⁷² Robert A.J. Gascoyne-Cecil (1893–1972): Con. MP Dorset S. 1929–41; U-Sec. FO 1935–8; Paymaster-Gen. 1940; Dominions Sec. 1940–2, 1943–5; Ld. Privy Seal 1942–3, 1951–2; Commonwealth Sec. 1952; Ld. Pres. 1952–7; Ldr in HofL. 1942–57; styled Viscount Cranborne 1903–47; suc. 5^th Marquess of Salisbury 1947.

²⁷³ ‘The Eden Mission’: 6 03 1934, p.15.Google Scholar

²⁷⁴ Leonardo Vitetti (1894–1973): entered dip. service 1923; Counsellor in London 1932–6; Dir. of Legal and Cultural Affairs Ministero degli Affari Esteri 1936–1943Google Scholar; mb. Italian delgation to LoN, the International Court of Justice and the London Naval Conf.

²⁷⁵ Jean Louis Barthou (1862–1934): French lawyer & politician; Deputy 1889–1922; Senator 1922–34; Min. of Justice 1922, 1926–9; For. Min. 1934; assassinated 1934.

²⁷⁶ Maurice Alfred Gerotwohl (1877–1941): journalist; Diplomatic Corrspdt and ldr writer on for. affairs, Daily Telegraph 1919–1935.Google Scholar

²⁷⁷ This entry is in pencil.

²⁷⁸ Gaston Doumergue (1863–1937): French jurist & politician; served in many posts before First World War; Pres. of Senate 1923–4; Pres. of Republic 1924–31; PM 1934.

²⁷⁹ (Henri) Philippe Pétain 1856–1951): army officer; C-in-C in 1917, retd 1934; PM following collapse of French army June 1940; subsequently head of state of regime based at Vichy; convicted of treason ff. liberation; death sentence commuted to life imprisonment.

²⁸⁰ Joachim von Ribbentrop (1893–1946): Nazi politician; elected to Reichstag 1933; deputy of German govt on disarmament questions 1934; Amb. Extraordinary 1935; Idr of German delegation in LoN Council 1936; Gruppenführer SS 1936Google Scholar; Amb. in London 1936–8; For. Min. 1938–45; hanged at Nuremberg for conspiring to wage aggressive war. See The Ribbentrop Memoirs (1953).Google Scholar

²⁸¹ Thomas T. Cadett (1929–40): joined The Times 1924Google Scholar, Corrspdt in New York 1927–9, in Paris 1929–40.

²⁸² Michael Heathorn Huxley (1889–1979): entered dip. service 1922; resigned 1935; recalled to FO Sept. 1939, served until 1945; Ed. The Geographical Magazine 1945–1955.Google Scholar

²⁸³ ‘The German Case’: 30 05 1934, p. 13.Google Scholar

²⁸⁴ François Piétri (1882–1966): Dir-Gen. of Finance in Morocco 1917–24; Deputy 1924–42; Min. of Colonies 1929–30, of Finance 1931–2, of Defence 1932, of Colonies 1933, of the Navy 1934–6; delegate to London Naval Conf. 1930; Min. to World Disarmament Conf., Geneva 1932–4; Amb. in Madrid 1940–4. See his Més années d'Espagne (1954).Google Scholar

²⁸⁵ Maurice Gamelin (1872–1958): French army officer; Army Chief of Staff 1931–5; Inspector-Gen, of the Army and V-Pres. of the War Council 1935–7; Chief of the Gen. Staff 1938–9; Generalissimo of French Land Forces 1939–40; interned by Vichy regime 1941, interned in Buchenwald 1943–5, freed by US troops May 1945.

²⁸⁶ Archibald George Church (1886–1954): Lab. politician; MP E. Leyton 1923–4; Wandsworth Central 1929–31; PPS to Sec. for War 1929–31.

²⁸⁷ Ernst Torgler (1893–1963): Deputy, Reichstag 1924–1933Google Scholar; arrested February 1933 for complicity in setting Reichstag fire; acquitted, kept as prisoner ‘for his own protection’ until 1935, when he was expelled by Communist Party; in 1940 made clandestine radio appeals to foreign communists on behalf of Reich Propaganda Ministry.

²⁸⁸ Otto Lebrecht E. Meissner (1880–1953): Ministerial Dir. & Head of Presidential Chancery 1920–3; Staatssek. 1923–1945Google Scholar & Chief Presidential Officer 1934–45; Min. of State 1937–45; arrested 1945; acquitted of war crimes 1949. See his Staatssekretär unter Ebert, Hindenburg, Hitler (1950).Google Scholar

²⁸⁹ Robert Leslie Craigie (1883–1959): entered FO 1907; Asst U-Sec. FO 1935–7; Amb. in Tokyo 1937–41; interned 1941, repatriated 1942; rep. on UN war crimes commission 1945–8. See his Behind the Japanese Mask (1945).Google Scholar

²⁹⁰ Isoruku Yamamoto (1884–1943): naval Attaché in Washington 1926–8; Chief of Aviation Dept, Imperial Navy 1935; Vice-Navy Min. 1936–9; C-in-C Combined Fleet 1939–43; Adml 1940; directed attack on Pearl Harbour 1941.

²⁹¹ Pieter Geyl (1882–1966): Prof. of Dutch History & Institutions, U. of London 1924–35; Prof, of Modern History, U. of Utrecht 1936–58; arrested 1940, interned Buchenwald 13 months, in Netherlands until 1944.

²⁹² Marcus van Blankenstein (1880–1964): joined Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant 1906Google Scholar; Ed. Vrij Nederland (Free Netherland) in London during WWII; Chief Ed. Voice of the Netherlands.

²⁹³ Gerald Charles Dickens (1879–1962): Naval ADC to King George V 1931–2; Dir. Naval Intelligence 1932–5; Commander reserve fleet 1935–7; Vice-Adm. 1936; retd 1938; kt. 1937. See his Bombing & Strategy (1947).Google Scholar

²⁹⁴ Sotomatsu Kato (b. 1890): Counsellor in Washington 1929–32, in London 1932–5; Min. in Ottawa 1935–7, Manchukuo 1938–9, at Large 1939–40; Amb. in Paris 1941–4.

²⁹⁵ This entry is in Sylvia Kennedy's hand.

²⁹⁶ This entry is in Sylvia Kennedy's hand.

²⁹⁷ ‘which I did not believe’ has been crossed out and replaced by ‘I think he did at least mention this’.

²⁹⁸ In the bye-election of 28 November 1934 the Conservative candidate's share of the vote dropped from the 81.6% at the general election to 54.7%; the Labour candidate's rose from 18.4% to 45.3%.

²⁹⁹ Letter deposited in The Times archive.

³⁰⁰ The Saar had been placed under the administration of the League of Nations in the Treaty of Versailles, with ‘full and absolute’ possession of the coal mines given to France in compensation for the destruction of its mines. A plebiscite was scheduled to be held fifteen years after the Treaty came into force. Germany agreed to pay France 900 million francs to recover ownership of the coal mines there (if she did not pay the price agreed by a panel of experts, the territory would be acquired by France regardless of the vote). Britain, Italy, the Netherlands and Sweden agreed to send in an international police force under a British general to supervise the plebiscite. On 13 January 1935 90% of the inhabitants voted in favour of returning the district to Germany.

³⁰¹ Geoffrey Le Mesurier Mander (1882–1962): Lib. MP Wolverhampton E. 1929–45; kt. 1945. See his We Were Not All Wrong (1941).Google Scholar

³⁰² The section following ‘volte face’ to ‘this way’ has been crossed out, with the marginal note ‘incorrect 23.1.35’ made alongside.

³⁰³ This sentence has been crossed out in pencil.

³⁰⁴ The section from here to the end of the sentence has been crossed out – in ink – and replaced with ‘on getting support for a policy which he was terrified to think might be violently criticized.’