Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T01:02:12.620Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

An Account of the Portuguese African Empire, 1885–1975*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2010

Pedro Lains
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Lisboa

Extract

From the independence of Brazil in 1822 down to the independence of the African colonies in 1975, successive Portuguese governments became engaged in maintaining, enlarging, developing and, ultimately, in defending an empire in Africa. The literature on the Portuguese African empire is largely concerned with discussing the economic and political motives behind imperial policy1. Thus, the evaluation of the costs and benefits of the empire for the metropolitan economy —or, for that matter, the colonial economies— has not received much attention. This paper attempts to provide some of the evidence necessary to conduct such an evaluation2.

Type
Articles-Artículos: Part 3. The Second Epoch: Liberal Imperialism and Decolonization, 1846–1974
Copyright
Copyright © Instituto Figuerola de Historia y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Alexandre, Valentim (1979): As origens do colonialismo português moderno, 1822–1891, Lisbon: Sá da Costa.Google Scholar
Alexandre, Valentim (1993): «Portugal em África, 1825–1974: Urna perspectiva global», Penélope, 11, pp. 5366.Google Scholar
Alexandre, Valentim (1994): «Projecto colonial e abolicionismo», Penélope, 14, pp. 119–25.Google Scholar
Axelson, Eric (1967): Portugal and the Scramble for Africa, 1875–1891, Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press.Google Scholar
Bairoch, Paul (1974): «Geographical Structure and Trade Balance of European Foreign Trade from 1800 to 1970», Journal of European Economic History, 3, pp. 557608.Google Scholar
Bowman, Joye L. (1987): «Legitimate Commerce and Peanut Production in Portuguese Guinea, 1840s–1880s», Journal of African History, 28, pp. 87106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caetano, Marcello (1971): Portugal e a internacionalização dos problemas africanos. História duma batalha: da liberdade dos mares às Nações Unidas, Lisbon: Ática.Google Scholar
Cápela, José (1975): A burguesía mercantil do Porto e as colónias, 1834–1900, Porto: Afrontamento.Google Scholar
Cápela, José (1979): As burguesias portuguesas e a abolição do tráfico de escravos, 1810–1842, Porto: Afrontamento.Google Scholar
Castro, Armando (1979): A economia portuguesa do século XX, 1900–1925, Lisbon: Edições 70.Google Scholar
Castro, Armando (1980): O sistema colonial português em África (meados do século XX) (1959), Lisbon: Caminho.Google Scholar
Clarence-Smith, Gervase (1985): The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825–1975. A Study in Economic Imperialism, Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Cordeiro, J. A. da Silva (1896): A crise em seus aspectos morais. Introdução a uma biblioteca de psicologia individual e colectiva, Coimbra: França Amado.Google Scholar
Curto, José C. (1992): «A Quantitative Reassessment of the Legal Portuguese Slave Trade from Luanda, Angola, 1710–1830», African Economic History, 20, pp. 125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffy, James (1961): Portuguese Africa, Cambridge (Mass.): Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Estêvão, João (1991): Moeda e sistema monetário colonial, Lisbon: Escher.Google Scholar
Ferreira, Lúcia, and Pedra, Crisitina (1988): «Despesas coloniais do Estado português», Revista de Historia Económica e Social, 24, pp. 89103.Google Scholar
Ferreira, Manuel Enes (1994): «Relações entre Portugal e África de língua portuguesa: comércio, investimento e dívida, 1973–1994», Análise social, 29, pp. 1045–21.Google Scholar
Ferreira, Manuel Enes (1996): «Comércio colonial», Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (mimeo).Google Scholar
Green, Andrwe Wislon (1969): «Portugal and the African Territories: Economic Implications», in David M., Abshire and Samuels, Michael A. (eds.), Portuguese Africa. A Handbook, London: Pall Mall Press.Google Scholar
Haight, Mabel V. Jackson (1967): European Powers and South-East Africa. A Study of International Relations on the South-East Coast of Africa, 1796–1856, New York: F. A. Praeger.Google Scholar
Hammond, Richard J. (1966): Portugal and Africa, 1815–1910. A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism, Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Hammond, Richard J. (1969): «Uneconomic Imperialism: Portugal in Africa before 1910», in Gann, L. H. and Duignan, P. (eds.), Coloniaslims in Africa, 1870–1960 Vol. 1 The History and Politics of Colonialism, 1870–1914, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Imlah, Alber H. (1959): Economic Elements in the Pax Britannica.Studies in British Foreign Trade in the Nineteenth Century, Cambridge (Mass.): Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Inikori, j. E. (1986): «West Africa's Seaborne Trade, 1750–1850», in Liesegang, G., Pasch, H. and Jones, A. (eds.): Figuring African Trade: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Quantification and Structure of the Import and Export and Long Distance Trade in Africa, 1800–1913, Berlin, Dietrich Reimer Verlag.Google Scholar
Lains, Pedro (1992): Foreign Trade and Economic Growth in the European Periphery, Portugal, 1850–1913, Ph. D. dissertation, European University Institute: Florence.Google Scholar
Lains, Pedro (1995): A economia portuguesa no século XIX. Crescimento económico e comércio externo, Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional.Google Scholar
Law, Robin (1995): «Introduction», in Law, Robin (ed.), From Slave Trade to «Legitimate» Commerce. The Commercial Transition in Nineteenth Century West Africa, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy-Leboyer, M. (1973): «La balance des paiements et léxportation des capitaux français», Levy-Leboyer, M.: La position Internationale de la France. Aspects économiques et financiers, XIXe–XXe siècles, Paris: Ecole des hautes etudes en Sciences sociales.Google Scholar
Liesegang, Gerhard (1986): «A first Look at the Import and Export Trade of Mozambique, 1800–1914», in Liesegang, G., Pasch, H. and Jones, A. (eds.): Figuring African Trade: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Quantification and Structure of the Import and Export and Long Distance Trade in Africa, 1800–1913, Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag.Google Scholar
Lynn, Martin (1981): «Change and Continuity in the British Palm Oil Trade with West Africa, 1830–1855», journal of African History, 22, pp. 331–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynn, Martin (1989): «From Sail to Steam: The Impact of Steamship Services on die British Palm Oil Trade with West Africa, 1850–1890», Journal of African History, 30, pp. 227–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macedo, José de (1988), Autonomia de Angola. Estudo de administração colonial (1910), Lisbon: Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical.Google Scholar
Marques, João Pedro (1994): «Urna revisão crítica das teorias sobre a abolição do tráfico de escravos português», Penélope, 14, pp. 95–18.Google Scholar
Mata, María Eugenia (1987): Câmbios e política cambial na economia portuguesa, 1891–1931, Cademos da Revista de História Económica e Social.Google Scholar
Mata, María Eugenia (1993): As finanças públicas portuguesas da Regeneração à Primeira Guerra Mundial, Lisbon, Banco de Portugal.Google Scholar
Miller, Joseph C. (1986): «Imports at Luanda, Angola, 1785–1823», in Liesegang, G., Pasch, H. and Jones, A. (eds.), Figuring African Trade: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Quantification and Structure of the Import and Export and Long Distance Trade in Africa, 1800–1913, Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag.Google Scholar
Miller, Joseph C. (1988): Way of Death: Merchant Capitalism and the Angolan Slave Trade, 1730–1830, Madison: University of Winscosin Press.Google Scholar
Newttt, Malyn (1995): A History of Mozambique, Bloomington (Ind.), Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Nowell, Charles E. (1982): The Rose Colored Map. Portugal's attempt to Build an African Empire from the Atlantic to the India Ocean, Lisbon: Junta de Investigações Científicas do Ultramar.Google Scholar
Papagano, Giuseppe (1980): Colonialismo e feudalismo. A questão dos prazos da coroa em Moçambique nos finais do século XIX, Lisbon: A Regra do Jogo.Google Scholar
Pautas vigentes nos alf ndegas das prov'ncias ultramarinas portuguesas (1892), Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional.Google Scholar
Pélissier, René (1994): História de Moçambique. Formação e oposição, 1854–1918, Lisbon: Estampa.Google Scholar
Pélissier, René (1997a): História das campanhas de Angola. Resistência e revoltas, 1845–1941, Lisbon, Estampa.Google Scholar
Pélissier, René (1997a): História da Guiné. Portugueses e africanos na Senegâmbia, 1841–1936, Lisbon: Estampa.Google Scholar
Pélissier, René (1981): A política portuguesa de emigraçäo, 1850–1930, Lisbon: Regra do Jogo.Google Scholar
Pélissier, René (1983): Livre-câmbio e desenvolvimento económico em Portugal, Lisbon: Sá da Costa.Google Scholar
Pintado, V. Xavier (1964): Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy, Paris: EFTA.Google Scholar
Reís, Jaime (1991): «The Gold Standard in Portugal, 1854–1891», Universidade Nova de Lisboa (mimeo).Google Scholar
Richardson, David (1989): «Slave Exports from West and West-Central Africa, 1700–1810: New Estimates of Volume and Distribution», Journal of Africa History, 30, pp. 122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rocha, Edgar (1977): «Portugal, anos 60: crescimento económico acelerado e papel das relações com as colónias», Análise Social, 13, pp. 593617.Google Scholar
Rocha, Edgar (1982): «Colónias e exportação de mão-de-obra como fonte de divisas: consideraçães sobre a contribuição dos emigrantes para o subdesenvolvimento económico português», Análise Social, 18, pp. 1053–75.Google Scholar
Rodney, Walter (1981): How Europe Underdeveloped Africa (1972), Washington (D.C.): Howard University Press.Google Scholar
Salazar, António de Oliveira (1916): O ágio do ouro. Sua natureza e suas causas, 1891–1915, Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade.Google Scholar
Salgado, Francisco Ribeiro (1936): «A cooperação ultramarina no comércio exterior especial do império português», in Primeiro congresso do intercâmbio comercial com as colónias. Teses e conclusões, Lisbon: Imprensa Moderna.Google Scholar
Salgado, Francisco Ribeiro (1939): A evolução do comercio especial ultramarino, Lisbon: Agência Geral das Colonias.Google Scholar
Smith, W. H. C. (1970): Anglo-Portuguese Relations, 1851–1861, Lisbon: Centro de Estudos Históricos Ultramarinos.Google Scholar
Sociedadede Geografía de Lisboa (1913): Relatório acerca do estudo dos problemas coloniais, Lisbon: Sociedade de Geografía de Lisboa.Google Scholar
Telo, António José (1994): Economia e império no Portugal contemporâneo, Lisbon: Edições Cosmos.Google Scholar
Vieira, Anselmo (1905): A questäo fiscal e as finanças portuguesas, Lisbon: Ferreira e Oliveira.Google Scholar