Article contents
In Search of Grandeur: France and Vietnam 1940–1946
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2009
Extract
Between 1940 and 1946, carastrophe befell France and the French Empire. In Europe, France collapsed before the German war machine and submitted to a humiliating treaty and to military occupation. Nor did Liberation and the triumph of de Gaulle's Free French Movement fully revive France's spirit. She had played a relatively small part in the Allied victory and in the conferences of the Powers that sought to restore the peace. The grandeur of France's past, her military tradition, and her civilization meant little in the world of 1946.
- Type
- Research Article
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © University of Notre Dame 1967
References
1 Hoffmann, Stanley, “Paradoxes of the French Political Community,” in In Search of France (Cambridge, Mass., 1963), p. 81;Google Scholar see also Jean-Baptiste Duroselle, “Changes in French Foreign Policy since 1945” in ibid., pp. 319, 341–42.
2 de Gaulle, Charles, Major Addresses, Statements and Press Conferences of General Charles de Gaulle, 05 19, 1958–01 31, 1964 (New York, 1964), p. 67.Google Scholar
3 New York Times, 03 19, 1927, p. 4.Google Scholar See also Thompson, Virginia, French Indo-China, (New York, 1942), p. 94Google Scholar and Devillers, Philippe, Histoire du Viêt-Nam de 1940 a 1952, 3rd ed. (Paris, 1952), p. 44.Google Scholar
4 Bernard, Paul, Le probléme èconomique indochinoise (Paris, 1934), pp. 402–03, 404.Google Scholar
5 Ibid.; pp. 406, 412.
6 Catroux, Georges, “Sur l'idée d'Empire,” Sciences politiques LIV (1939, p. 227.Google Scholar
7 Trinh quang Quy, paper presented for the Harvard Business school Trade Union Program, 1959, p. 2.Google Scholar I am grateful to Mr. Quy for giving me a copy of his paper, and for his comments and criticisms.
8 The figures on school enrollment are found in Devillers, Histoire du Viêt-Nam, p. 85.Google ScholarFall, Bernard, The two Viet-Nams: A political and Military Analysis (New York, 1963), pp. 38–39, gives considerably higher figures: 525,000 (1940) and 960,000 (1944).Google Scholar
9 Decoux, Jean, A la barre de l'Indochine: histoire de mon gouvernement générale; 1940–1945 (Paris, 1949), pp. 367–68, 403.Google Scholar
10 Ibid., pp. 388–89.
11 Quoted in Schoenbrun, David, As France Goes (New York, 1957), pp. 214–15.Google Scholar
12 New York Times 12 7, 1943), p.13.Google Scholar See also de Gaulle, Charles, War Memoirs (vol.III): Salvation 1944–1946, tr. by Howard, Richard (New York, 1960), pp.187–88.Google Scholar
13 de Gaulle, Charles, War Memoirs (Vol. IV): Unity: 1942–1944; Documents, tr. by Murchie, Joyce and Erskine, Hamish (New York, 1959), pp. 249–50.Google Scholar
14 L'Année politique 1944–45 (Paris, 1946), pp.99–100;Google ScholarLe Monde, 01 20, 1945), p. 1;Google Scholar02 1, 1945, p. 1.Google Scholar
15 De Gaulle, War Memoirs, III, 190;Google ScholarFall, , The Two Viet-Nams, pp. 49–54.Google Scholar
16 de Gaulle, Charles, War memoirs (vol. V): Salvation, 1944–1946: Documents, tr. by Murchie, Joyceand Erskine, Hamish (New York, 1960), p. 219.Google Scholar
17 Fall, , The Two Viet-Nams, p. 66.Google Scholar
18 De Gaulle, , War Memoirs, V, 187–88.Google Scholar
19 New York Times, 03 24, 1945, p. 9;Google Scholar03 15, 1945, p. 15;Google Scholar03 28, 1945, p. 13;Google Scholar; de Gaulle, , War Memoirs, V, p. 219.Google Scholar
20 Devillers, , Histoire du Viêt-Nam p. 144;Google ScholarL'Esprit, 07 1, 1945,Google Scholar quoted in Devèze, Michel, La France d'Outre-Mer: de i'Empire colonial a i'Union française 1938–1947 (Paris, 1948), p.217;Google ScholarLe Monde, 03 27, 1945, p. 2.Google Scholar
21 De Gaulle, War Memoirs, III, p. 242.Google Scholar
22 Quoted in Devèze, , La France d'Outre-Mer, p. 223.Google Scholar
23 De Gaulle, War Memoirs, V, p. 382.Google Scholar
24 The text of the constitution of the Fourth Republic can be found in Williams, Philip, Politics in Post War France: Parties and the Constitution in the Fourth Republic (London, 1955), pp. 423–25.Google Scholar
25 Combat, 09 15–16, p. 1.Google Scholar
26 Combat, 10 19, 1946, p. 3;Google Scholar10 20–21, 1946, p. 1.Google Scholar
27 Sainteny, JeanHistoire d'un paix manqué: Indochine 1945–1947 (Paris, 1953), pp. 167–68, 170;Google Scholar; see also Devillers, , Histoire du Viêt-Nam, pp. 221–26.Google Scholar
28 Combat, 03 6, 1946, p. 3;Google Scholar08 10, 1946, p. 2.Google Scholar
29 Devillers, Histoire du Viêt-Nam, pp. 259, 268–69.Google Scholar
30 Sainteny, Histoire d'un paix manqué, p. 209.Google ScholarFor the text of the modus vivendi, see Devillers, Histoire du Viêt-Nam, pp. 309–10.Google Scholar
31 Sainteny, Histoire d'un paix manqué, p. 208;Google ScholarDevillers, , Histoire du Viêt-Nam, p. 337.Google Scholar. Cf. Fall, , The Two Viet-Nams, pp. 75–76, which differs in some details.Google Scholar
32 De Gaulle, , Major Addresses, pp. 86–87;Google Scholarde Gaulle, Charles, Speeches and Conferences, no. 250, 09. 1, 1966 (lithographed by Ambassade de France, Service de presse et d'information, New York), p. 3.Google Scholar
33 New York Times, 12 25, 1946, p. 12.Google Scholar
- 4
- Cited by