Within the realm of Iranian studies, music remains mostly outside the purview of larger social and political discussions of the region. At first glance this may seem appropriate, since even musicians often consider their work beyond the reach of sociological discussions. But the behavior of Iranians suggests that music has a broader social and political role beyond narrowly defined musical contexts. Music is a common part of everyday life in Iran. In traditional contexts such as weddings and other family gatherings as well as in modern settings such as the car, the computer, or the concert hall, most Iranians experience music on a daily basis. Music's influential role in Iranian society has made it the target of constant government scrutiny both before and after the Islamic Revolution. The current Islamic government's need to control and approve of every aspect of music making demonstrates a keen understanding of music's influence in the country. Hence whether Iranians are listening to it, dancing to it, performing it, or banning it, the message is the same: music is a powerful force that affects key aspects of Iranian society. For this reason music can offer a unique perspective on a variety of topics relevant to students and scholars of modern Iran.