Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T13:20:37.220Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

International studies at the school level: the findings of recent British research*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 October 2009

Derek Heater
Derek Heater
Affiliation:
Head of Department of History, Brighton College of Education
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The process of education, for all its centrality to the civilized mode of living, is but imperfectly understood. Yet if teaching is to be efficient, the preconditions for and means of learning must assuredly be appreciated; and to this end educationists have started to unravel the awesome complexities of how learning takes place – philosophers identifying the different forms of knowledge, the psychologists the different mental activities involved and the sociologists the different contexts in which learning can take place. As a consequence revolutionary changes have been effected in the syllabus-content and teaching methods of, for example, mathematics and the sciences. However, the amount of research effort that has been deployed on the various traditional school subjects varies considerably. But even the task of surveying an established school subject most patchily investigated would be more straightforward than an examination of the work carried out in the field of international studies.

Type
Review Articles
Information
Review of International Studies , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , April 1976 , pp. 84 - 96
Copyright
Copyright © British International Studies Association 1976

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

page 84 note 1 See Morrison, A. and Mclntyre, D., Schools and Socialisation (Penguin Books, Harmonds worth, 1971)Google Scholar; also J. and Wright, D., The Changing World in the Classroom, U.K. Commission for UNESCO (London, 1974).Google Scholar

page 85 note 1 Bridges, D., ‘Education and International Understanding - a Philosophical Examination’, unpublished M.A. thesis, University of London (1970).Google Scholar

page 86 note 1 Ibid. p. 70.

page 86 note 2 Ibid. p. 79.

page 86 note 3 Jahoda, G., ‘Development of Children's Ideas about Country and Nationality’, British Journal of Educational Psychology, xxxiii (1963).Google Scholar

page 86 note 4 Ibid, p. 152.

page 87 note 1 Jahoda, G., ‘Children's Concepts of Nationality: a Critical Study of Piaget's Stages’, Child Development, xxxv (1964).Google Scholar

page 87 note 2 Tajfel, H.et al., ‘The Development of Children's Preferences for their own country: a Cross-national Study’, International Journal of Psychology, v (1970).Google Scholar

page 87 note 3 Tajfel, H.et al., ‘The Devaluation by Children of their own National and Ethnic Group: Two Case Studies’, British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, xi (1972), p. 243.Google Scholar

page 87 note 4 Dennis, J.et al., ‘Support for Nation and Government among English Children’, British Journal of Political Science, i (1971).Google Scholar

page 87 note 5 Ibid. p. 47.

page 88 note 1 Johnson, N.et al., ‘The Relationship between Children's Preferences for and Knowledge about Other Nations’, British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, ix, (1970), p. 232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 88 note 2 Tajfel, H., ‘Children and Foreigners’, New Society, vii (1966).Google Scholar

page 88 note 3 Miller, H. W. L., ‘A Study of the Use of Attitude Tests and of Attitudes of Students to Peoples of Other Countries and other Racial Groups’, unpublished M.A. thesis, University of Birmingham (1960).Google Scholar

page 88 note 4 ’Children and Foreigners’, op. cit. p. 11.

page 88 note 5 Carnie, J. M., ‘The Contribution of School Geography to the Improvement of International Understanding’, unpublished M.A. thesis, University of London, 1963, pp. 130–1Google Scholar; and ‘Children's attitudes to other nationalities’ in N. Graves (ed.), New Movements in the Study and Teaching of Geography (London, 1972).

page 88 note 6 Middleton, M. R.et al., ‘Cognitive and Affective Aspects of Children's National Attitudes’, British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, ix (1970).Google Scholar

page 88 note 7 H. Tajfel, ‘Childre n and Foreigners’, op. cit.

page 88 note 8 Jahoda, G., ‘Development of Scottish Children's Ideas and Attitudes about Other Countries’, Journal of Social Psychology, lviii (1962), p. 107.Google Scholar

page 89 note 1 See Morrison, A., ‘Attitudes of Children to International Affairs’, Educational Researchy ix (1967)Google Scholar; A. Morrison and K. French, ‘The Teaching of International Affairs in Secondary Schools in Scotland - First Report’, unpublished mimeograph, University of Dundee (1972). See also ‘The Teaching of International Affairs in Secondary Schools in Scotland - Final Report to S.S.R.C. and to Schools’, unpublished mimeograph, University of Dundee (1972); Morrison, A. and Mclntyre, D., ‘The Attitudes of Students towards International Affairs’, British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, v (1966).Google Scholar

page 89 note 2 Cooper, P., ‘The Development of the Concept of War’, Journal of Peace Research, ii (1965).Google Scholar

page 89 note 3 Mercer, G., ‘Political Learning and Political Education’, unpublished Ph.D. thesis,. University of Strathclyde (1971)Google Scholar; see also ‘Formal Political Education and the Perception of International Conflict’, Journal of Moral Education, iv (1974).

page 89 note 4 ’Political Learning and Political Education’, op. cit. p. 101.

page 90 note 1 ’The Relationship between Children's Preferences for and Knowledge about Other Nations’, op. cit.

page 90 note 2 Lister, I., ‘Political Socialisation and Schools, with special reference to the Knowledge of Political Concepts of English Sixth Formers’, Teaching Politics, ii (1973), p. 16.Google Scholar

page 90 note 3 Jahoda, G., ‘Impressions of Nationalities - an Alternative to the “Stereotype” Approach’, British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, v (1966), p. 14.Google Scholar

page 90 note 4 The Teaching of International Affairs in Secondary Schools in Scotland-Final Report to S.S.R.C. and to Schools, op. cit. p. 4.

page 90 note 5 ’Political Learning and Political Education’, op. cit. ch. v.

page 91 note 1 N. Johnson et al., ‘The Relationship between Children's Preferences for and Knowledge about Other Nations’, op. cit. p. 35.

page 91 note 2 Silva, W. A. de, ‘Concept Formation in Adolescence through Contextual Clues, with special reference to History material’, unpublished Ph.D. thesis. University of Birmingham (1969)Google Scholar; Hallam, R. N., ‘An Investigation into Some Aspects of the Historical Thinking of Children and Adolescents’, unpublished M.Ed, thesis, University of Leeds (1966)Google Scholar; Wood, D. M., ‘The Development of Some Concepts of Social Relations in Childhood and Adolescence Investigated by means ofthe Analysis of Ten Definitions’, unpublished M.Ed, thesis, University of Nottingham, 1964.Google Scholar

page 91 note 3 ’Political Learning and Political Education’, op. cit.

page 92 note 1 ’Attitudes of Children to International Affairs’, op. cit. p. 201.

page 92 note 2 Op. cit. p. 156.

page 92 note 3 ’Political Learning and Political Education’, op. cit.

page 92 note 4 ’Children and Foreigners’, op. cit. p. 9.

page 93 note 1 Himmelweit, H.et al., Television and the Child (Oxford, 1958).Google Scholar

page 93 note 2 Ibid. pp. 255, 272–3.

page 93 note 3 Johnson, N., ‘Children's Comics’, New Society, viii (1966), p. 12.Google Scholar

page 93 note 4 Smith, D. C., ‘Education for World Understanding: an Estimate of the Impact on the Secondary Schools of England and Wales in 1964 of its influences since 1945’, unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of London (1966), pp. 610, 621.Google Scholar

page 94 note 1 Op. cit. pp. 7–8.

page 94 note 2 Brennan, T., ‘Teaching for International Understanding in a Secondary Modern School’, Researches and Studies, no. 21 (1961), p. 36.Google Scholar

page 94 note 3 Hamer, S. M., ‘An Experimental Comparison of the Effect of Two Methods of Teaching upon Attitudes related to International Understanding’, unpublished M.A. thesis, University of London (1955).Google Scholar

page 94 note 4 ’Political Learning and Political Education’, op. cit. p. 73.

page 94 note 5 ’Attitudes of Children to International Affairs’, op. cit. p. 201.

page 94 note 6 James, H. E. Q. and Tenen, C., ‘Attitudes towards Other People’, International Social Science Bulletin, iii (1951).Google Scholar

page 94 note 7 ’The Contribution of School Geography to the Improvement of International Understanding’, op. cit.

page 94 note 8 Ingram, D., ‘A Study of the School's Role in Attitude Formation and Change with particular reference to International Understanding’, unpublished M.A. thesis, University of London (1972).Google Scholar

page 94 note 9 Williams, H. M., ‘Changes in Pupils' Attitudes towards West African Negroes following the use of two different teaching methods’, British Journal of Educational Psychology, xxxi.Google Scholar

page 94 note 10 Op. cit. pp. 157–8.

page 94 note 11 Op. cii.

page 95 note 1 Morrison, A., ‘The Teaching of International Affairs in Secondary Schools in Scotland’, MOST, no. 2 (1973), p. 10.Google Scholar

page 96 note 1 Op. cit. pp. 45–48.

page 96 note 2 Burton, J. W., World Society (Cambridge, 1972), p. x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 96 note 3 This approach is being used in the area of political education. See, for example, Tomlinson, P., ‘Political Education: Cognitive Developmental Perspectives from Moral Education’, unpublished mimeograph, University of York (1975).Google Scholar