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³⁸ Dyson, The Blair Identity: Leadership and Foreign Policy, p. 16.

³⁹ Ibid., p. 22.

⁴⁰ Dueck, Reluctant Crusaders; Hadfield-Amkhan, British Foreign Policy, National Identity, and Neoclassical Realism; Schweller, Randall L., Unanswered Threats: Political Constraints on the Balance of Power, Princeton Studies in International History and Politics (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University, 2006)Google Scholar; Schweller, Randall L., ‘Unanswered threats: a neoclassical realist theory of underbalancing’, International Security, 29:2 (2004), pp. 159–201CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Jennifer Sterling-Folker, ‘Neoclassical realism and identity: Peril despite profit across the Taiwan Strait’, in Lobell, Ripsman, and Taliaferro (eds), Neoclassical Realism, The State, and Foreign Policy, pp. 99–138; Layne, Christopher, The Peace of Illusions: American Grand Strategy from 1940 to the Present, Cornell Studies in Security Affairs (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2006)Google Scholar.

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⁴⁴ Dueck, Reluctant Crusaders, p. 25.

⁴⁵ Waltz, Theory of International Politics, p. 98; Rathbun, ‘A rose by any other name’, p. 53.

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⁷⁷ Ripsman, Taliaferro, and Lobell, Neoclassical Realist Theory of International Politics, p. 105; see also Barkin, ‘Realist constructivism’, p. 329.

⁷⁸ King, Keohane, and Verba, Designing Social Inquiry, pp. 75–84.

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⁹⁴ Cray and Schroeder, ‘An ontology of ideas’, p. 759. Ideas may well be understood, like in Cray and Schroeder, as certain, aggregated, historically particular systems of mental states (beliefs) that are communicated socially (externalised). This social communication may even solve Cray and Schroeder's metaphysical puzzle, that is, how ideas can survive beyond the initial belief, namely through their use in language. Cray and Schroeder, ‘An ontology of ideas’, p. 772.

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¹²⁶ Where such punishment occurs, it does not imply that the influence of ideas on decision-making will over time decrease, that decision-making necessarily ‘improves’, or that different states become identical in how they process interests and ideas. For an elaboration of this argument, see Fiammenghi, Davide et al. , ‘Correspondence: Neoclassical realism and its critics’, International Security, 43:2 (November 2018), pp. 193–5CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Sterling-Folker, ‘Realism and the constructivist challenge’, pp. 88–9; Sterling-Folker, ‘Realist environment, liberal process, and domestic-level variables’, pp. 19–20; Taliaferro, ‘State building for future wars’, p. 476; Rathbun, ‘A rose by any other name’, pp. 309–10; Waltz, Theory of International Politics, pp. 91–2, 124.

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