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5 Though modernisation theories and policies are sometimes excluded from the field of democracy promotion, I include them for two reasons: first, because the field of democracy promotion has historically developed out of modernisation theories (the theoretical basis for modernisation policies) with strong continuities between the two (see Cammack, Paul, Capitalism and Democracy in the Third World: The Doctrine for Political Development (London: Leicester University Press, 1997)Google Scholar); secondly, excluding modernisation policies on the grounds that they focus on economic development would logically lead to an exclusion of the entire ‘economic’ strand of democracy promotion theories and policies.

6 Rose, Gideon, ‘Democracy Promotion and American Foreign Policy: A Review Essay’, International Security, 25:3 (2000/1), p. 191Google Scholar; Jahn, Beate, ‘The Tragedy of Liberal Diplomacy: Democratization, Intervention, Statebuilding I’, Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 1:1 (2007a), pp. 94–102Google Scholar.

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42 Carothers, Critical Mission, p. 5.

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71 Ibid., p. 351.

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107 Huntington, ‘Democracy's Third Wave’, p. 33.

108 Przeworski, ‘The Neoliberal Fallacy’, p. 55.

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110 Przeworski, ‘The Neoliberal Fallacy’; Acemoglu and Robinson, Economic Origins, p. 348.

111 Nancy Bermeo, ‘Conclusion: Is Democracy Exportable?’, in Barany and Moser, Is Democracy Exportable?, p. 259.

112 Acemoglu and Robinson, Economic Origins, pp. 350, 357.

113 Rose, ‘Democracy Promotion’, p. 189.