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The role of interleukins in the ovary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2009

C Simón ,
A Tsafriri ,
A Pellicer  and
ML Polan
C Simón*
Affiliation:
Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad and Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain
A Tsafriri
Affiliation:
Department of Hormone Research, The Bernhard Zondek Hormone Research Laboratory, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
A Pellicer
Affiliation:
Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad and Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain
ML Polan
Affiliation:
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, Calif., USA
*
Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad Guardia Civil 23, Valencia E-46020Spain.
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Extract

A brief look at the history of cytokine research shows that the term ‘lymphokine’ was first described in 1969 as the product of sensitized lymphocytes exposed to specific antigens. To eliminate the incorrect notion that such proteins can be produced only by lymphocytes, Cohen et al. (1974) proposed the term ‘cytokines’ to indicate their production also by nonlymphoid cells.2 After a long-persisting reluctance, it seems that ‘cytokine’ is becoming the prevalent term for these proteins. Meanwhile, a group of participants at the Second International Lymphokine Workshop held in 1979 proposed the term ‘interleukin’ in order to develop, ‘a system of nomenclature based on the protein's ability to act as communication signals between different populations of leukocytes’.3 They introduced the names IL-I and IL-2 for two important cytokines. Since then the number of described interleukins reached 16 and this number may increase. Furthermore, notwithstanding this previous notion, interleukins are now known to be produced in a variety of tissues other than leucocytes and affect the functions of many and diverse somatic cell types (e.g. IL-1 or IL-6). Therefore, while many cytokines are now termed as interleukins, others continue to be known by their old names [e.g. tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)], suggesting that they had been recognized earlier, but all of them are included under the generic name of cytokines.

Type
Articles
Information
Reproductive Medicine Review , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , March 1996 , pp. 51 - 63
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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