Infertility, a failure of conception after at least 12 months of unprotected intercourse, will affect 14–17% of couples at some time in their reproductive lives. The types of infertility, with their respective frequencies, are tubal and pelvic pathology (35%), male problems (35%), anovulation (15%), unexplained infertility (10%) and other infrequent problems (5%). While anovulation, mild/moderate endometriosis, unexplained infertility and moderate oligozoospermia can be treated with mild ovarian stimulation and timed intercourse and/or intrauterine insemination (IUI), no treatment options are available for nonoperable tubal problems or treatment failures with IUI.