Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T15:05:39.074Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Scholarly Addiction: Doctor Faustus and the Drama of Devotion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Rebecca Lemon*
Affiliation:
University of Southern California

Abstract

When The English Faust Book describes Faustus as addicted to study and Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus depicts necromantic books as “ravishing,” these texts draw on classical and Renaissance notions of laudable addiction. Following its Latin origin in contract law, addiction appears in sixteenth-century writings as service, dedication, and devotion. Tracing invocations of addiction from Cicero to Perkins, this essay explores the influence of Calvin and Calvinist-minded Cambridge divines through Doctor Faustus’s preoccupation with the challenge of addicted commitment. If Calvinists praise committed devotion, Marlowe challenges such views by staging the terror as well as the wonder of addictive release.

Type
Studies
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 Renaissance Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Becon, Thomas A new postil conteinyng most godly and learned sermons vpon all the Sonday Gospelles, that be redde in the church thorowout the yeare. London, [1566].Google Scholar
Benedict, Philip Christ’s Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism. New Haven, 2002.Google Scholar
Bevington, David, and Rasmussen, Eric, eds. Doctor Faustus. The Revels Plays. Manchester, 1993.Google Scholar
Bibliotheca Calviniana: Les Oeuvres de Jean Calvin publiées au XVIe siècle. Ed. Rodolphe Peter and Jean-François Gilmont. 2 vols. Geneva, 1991–94.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean Sermons de M. Jean Calvin sur le livre de Job. Recueillis fidelement de sa bouche selon qu’il les preschoit. Geneva, 1563.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean Librum Psalmorum, Joannis Calvini Commentarius. Geneva, 1564.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean The Psalms of David and others, with M. John Calvin’s Commentaries. Trans. Arthur Golding. London, 1571.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean Sermons of Master John Calvin, upon the Booke of Job. Trans. Arthur Golding. London, 1574.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean Harmonia ex Evangelistis tribus composite, Matthaeo, Marco, et Luca. Geneva, 1582.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean A harmonie vpon the the three Euangelists, Matthew, Mark and Luke with the commentarie of M. Iohn Caluine: faithfully translated out of Latine into English, by E.P. Whereunto is also added a commentarie vpon the Euangelist S. Iohn, by the same author. London, 1584a. British Library 1005.c.14.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean The Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ, according to John, with the Commentary of M. John Calvine: faithfully translated out of Latine into English by Christopher Fetherstone. London, 1584b. British Library 1005.c.15.Google Scholar
Calvin, Jean Commentaires de Jehan Calvin sur le livre des Pseaumes. Paris, 1859.Google Scholar
Chedgzoy, Kate “Marlowe’s Men and Women: Gender and Sexuality.” In The Cambridge Companion to Christopher Marlowe, ed. Patrick Cheney, 245–61. Cambridge, 2004.Google Scholar
Cicero. The familiar epistles of M.T. Cicero Englished and conferred with the French, Italian and other translations. London, [1620].Google Scholar
Cicero. Letters to His Friends. Trans. W. Glynn Williams. 3 vols. London, 1927.Google Scholar
Collinson, Patrick “England and International Calvinism and Prestwich, 1985Collinson, Patrick. “England and International Calvinism 1558–1640.” In International Calvinism 1541-1715, ed. Menna Prestwich, 197–223. Oxford, 1985.Google Scholar
Daneau, Lambert A dialogue of witches, in foretime named lot-tellers, and novv commonly called sorcerers.... Written in Latin by Lambertus Danaeus. And now translated into English. London, 1575.Google Scholar
The English Faust Book. Ed. John Henry Jones. Cambridge, 1994.Google Scholar
Flemming, Abraham, trans. A panoplie of epistles, or, a looking glasse for the vnlearned. Gathered and translated out of Latine into English. London, 1576.Google Scholar
Foxe, John Actes and monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happenyng in the Church with an vniuersall history of the same.... Newly reuised and recognised, partly also augmented, and now the fourth time agayne published. 2 vols. London, 1583.Google Scholar
Freeman, Thomas S., and Elizabeth Evenden. Religion and the Book in Early Modern England: The Making of John Foxe’s “Book of Martyrs.” Cambridge, 2011.Google Scholar
Gill, Roma, ed. Doctor Faustus. New Mermaid Edition. London, 1965.Google Scholar
Goldman, Michael “Marlowe and the Histrionics of Ravishment.” In Two Renaissance Mythmakers (1977), 22–40.Google Scholar
Gordon, F. Bruce. Calvin. New Haven, 2009.Google Scholar
Grislis, EgilMenno Simons on Conversion: Compared with Martin Luther and Jean Calvin.Journal of Mennonite Studies 11 (1993): 5575.Google Scholar
Guenther, Genevieve “Why Devils Came When Faustus Called Them.” Modern Philology 109.1 (2011): 46–70.10.1086/662147CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gwalther, Rudolf An hundred, threescore and fiftene homelyes or sermons, vppon the Actes of the Apostles, written by Saint Luke: made by Radulpe Gualthere Tigurine, and translated out of Latine into our tongue, for the commoditie of the Englishe reader. London, 1572.Google Scholar
Halpern, Richard “Marlowe’s Theater of Night: Doctor Faustus and Capital.” ELH 71.2 (2004): 455–95.Google Scholar
Hamlin, William M. “Casting Doubt in Marlowe’s ‘Doctor Faustus.’” Studies in English Literature, 1500–1900 41.2 (2001): 257–75.10.2307/1556188CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hattaway, Michael “The Theology of Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus.” Renaissance Drama, n.s., 3 (1970): 51–78.10.1086/rd.3.41917056CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Highley, Christopher, and King, John N., eds. John Foxe and His World. Aldershot, 2002.Google Scholar
Honderich, Pauline “John Calvin and Doctor Faustus.” The Modern Language Review 68.1 (1973): 1–13.Google Scholar
Kendall, R. T. Calvin and English Calvinism to 1649. Oxford, 1979.Google Scholar
King, John N. Foxe’s “Book of Martrys” and Early Modern Print Culture. Cambridge, 2006.Google Scholar
Knott, John R. Discourses of Martyrdom in English Literature, 1563–1694. Cambridge, 1993.Google Scholar
Lake, PeterCalvinism and the English Church, 1570–1635.Past and Present 114 (1987): 3276.10.1093/past/114.1.32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lake, Peter Anglicans and Puritans? Presbyterianism and English Conformist Thought from Whitgift to Hooker. London, 1988.Google Scholar
Marcus, Leah “Textual Indeterminacy and Ideological Difference: The Case of ‘Doctor Faustus.’” Renaissance Drama, n.s., 20 (1989): 1–29.10.1086/rd.20.41917246CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marlowe, Christopher Doctor Faustus. Ed. Michael Keefer. Toronto, 2007.Google Scholar
McNeill, John T. The History and Character of Calvinism. Oxford, 1954.Google Scholar
Milton, Anthony Catholic and Reformed : The Roman and Protestant Churches in English Protestant Thought, 1600–1640 . Cambridge, 1995.10.1017/CBO9780511560736CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nutall, A. D. The Alternative Trinity: Gnostic Heresy in Marlowe, Milton, and Blake. Oxford, 1998.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198184621.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Brien, Margaret Ann. “Christian Belief in Doctor Faustus.ELH 37 (1970): 111.10.2307/2872271CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okerlund, A. N. “The Intellectual Folly of Dr. Faustus.” Studies in Philology 74.3 (1977): 258–78.Google Scholar
Orgel, Stephen The Authentic Shakespeare, and Other Problems of the Early Modern Stage. New York, 2002.Google Scholar
Ornstein, RobertMarlowe and God: The Tragic Theology of Dr . Faustus. PMLA 83 (1968): 1378–85.10.2307/1261310CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perkins, William A treatise tending vnto a declaration whether a man be in the estate of damnation or in the estate of grace and if he be in the first, how he may in time come out of it: if in the second, how he maie discerne it, and perseuere in the same to the end. The points that are handled are set downe in the page following. London, [1590].Google Scholar
Perkins, William A commentarie or exposition, vpon the fiue first chapters of the Epistle to the Galatians. Cambridge, 1604.Google Scholar
Perkins, William A godlie and learned exposition upon the whole epistle of Iude, containing threescore and sixe sermons preached in Cambridge. London, 1606a.Google Scholar
Perkins, William The combat betvveene Christ and the Diuell displayed: or A commentarie vpon the temptations of Christ. London, 1606b.Google Scholar
Poole, Kristen “Dr. Faustus and Reformation Theology.” In Early Modern English Drama, ed. Garrett Sullivan, Patrick Cheney, and Andrew Hadfield, 96–107. Oxford, 2006.Google Scholar
Poole, Kristen Supernatural Environments in Shakespeare’s England: Spaces of Demonism, Divinity, and Drama. Cambridge, 2011.10.1017/CBO9780511977299CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Posner, Richard A. Law and Literature. Cambridge, 2009.10.2307/j.ctvjhzpk6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riggs, David “Marlowe’s Quarrel with God.” In Critical Essays on Christopher Marlowe, ed. Emily C. Bartels, 39–58. London, 1997.Google Scholar
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus Annaei Senecae Philosophi Opera, Quae Exstant Omnia, A Iusto Lipsio emendata, et Scholiis illustrate. Antwerp, 1605.Google Scholar
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus The workes of Lucius Annaeus Seneca, both morrall and natural. Trans. Thomas Lodge. London, 1614.Google Scholar
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus Moral Essays. Vol. 1. Trans. John W. Basore. 3 vols. London, 1928.Google Scholar
Sinfield, Alan Faultlines: Cultural Materialism and the Politics of Dissident Reading. Berkeley, 1992.Google Scholar
Snow, Edward “Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus and the Ends of Desire.” In Two Renaissance Mythmakers (1977), 70–110.Google Scholar
Stachniewski, John The Persecutory Imagination: English Puritanism and the Literature of Religious Despair. Oxford, 1991.Google Scholar
Stam, David Harry “England’s Calvin: A Study of the Publication of John Calvin’s Works in Tudor England.” PhD diss., Northwestern University, 1978.Google Scholar
Streete, Adrian “Calvinist Conceptions of Hell in Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus.Notes and Queries (December 2000): 430–32.10.1093/nq/47.4.430CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Two Renaissance Mythmakers : Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson. Ed. Alvin Kernan. Baltimore, 1977.Google Scholar
Tyacke, Nicholas Anti-Calvinists: The Rise of English Arminianism c. 1590–1640. Oxford, 1987.Google Scholar
Voak, Nigel Richard Hooker and Reformed Theology. Oxford, 2003.10.1093/0199260397.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsham, Alexandra “Skeletons in the Cupboard: Relics after the English Reformation.” In Relics and Remains, ed. Alexandra Walsham, 121–43. Past and Present Supplement 5 (2010).10.1093/pastj/gtq015CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wendel, Françoise. Calvin: The Origins and Development of His Religious Thought. Trans. Philip Mairet. New York, 1963.Google Scholar
Willis, DeborahDoctor Faustus and the Early Modern Language of Addiction.” In Placing the Plays of Christopher Marlowe, ed. Sara Munson Deats and Robert A. Logan, 136–48. Farnham, 2008.Google Scholar
Yeager, DanielMarlowe’s Faustus: Contract as Metaphor?University of Chicago Law School Roundtable 2.2 (1995): 599–617.Google Scholar