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Le laboratoire commun de recherche: quelles implications pour une politique de la concurrence?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 August 2016

Marie-Laure Cabon-Dhersin ,
Groupe de Recherche sur le Risque, I'Information et la Décision (GRID)  and
Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan
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Résumé

Le laboratoire commun de recherche (Joint Research Lab) est-il préférable à la non-coopération en R&D et sous quelles conditions ? Il est habituel de considérer que le bénéfice social de la coopération en R&D dépend principalement de trois facteurs : (i) le niveau de spillovers, (ii) le degré de différenciation de produit, (iii) le degré de concurrence ex-post sur le marché de la production entre les firmes participant à l'accord.

Dans cet article, nous étudions l'impact de ces trois facteurs sur les efforts d'innovation entrepris dans le cadre d'un laboratoire commun de recherche, sur les quantités produites et les profits des firmes à l'équilibre. Nous montrons que le laboratoire commun de recherche associé à une collusion sur le marché du produit peut améliorer le surplus des producteurs et celui des consommateurs relativement à la concurrence pour certaines valeurs des spillovers et du degré de différenciation des produits. Nous montrons également que cette forme de coopération conduit les firmes à innover davantage en situation de cartel de production qu'en situation concurrentielle.

Summary

Summary

When will a joint research lab be preferred to non-cooperation in R&D? The social benefits of R&D cooperation depend mainly on three factors: (i) the level of spillovers; (ii) the degree of product differentiation, (iii) the degree of ex-post competition in the final market between the R&D partners.

In this article we propose to study the impact of these three factors on the R&D efforts taking place within a joint lab, the quantities produced and the profits earned by the firms at equilibrium. We show that collusion at the production stage can increase the producer's and consumer's surplus vis-à-vis competition if the R&D activity takes place within a common laboratory especially when the spillovers and the degree of product differenciation are small. We show also that full cooperation in R&D with a joint lab and the product market leads to better results in terms of R&D efforts as compared to non-cooperation.

Keywords

R&D spilloversJoint Research Laboratorycompetition policyC720L130D320spilloverslaboratoire commun de recherchepolitique de la concurrenceC720L130D320
Type
Research Article
Information
Recherches Économiques de Louvain/ Louvain Economic Review , Volume 73 , Issue 1 , 2007 , pp. 77 - 93
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales 2007 

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Footnotes

*

FRE 2961 CNRS/ENSAM-Paris, Maison de la recherche de l'ESTP, 30 avenue du Président Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France. Tél : 01 41 98 37 71. [email protected]

**

Département de Sciences Sociales, Bâtiment Cournot, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94230 Cachan.

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