Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T15:13:33.301Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Learner interactions in face-to-face collaborative writing with the support of online resources

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 July 2019

Yi Chin Hsieh*
Affiliation:
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore ([email protected])

Abstract

This study explores interactions among language learners with the support of online resources in a collaborative writing task and how online resources assisted collaborating learners in the meaning-making process. The study was conducted in the freshman English course at a national university in Taiwan. Fifty-six students constructed an essay in pairs firstly without the support of online resources, and subsequently constructed another essay with the support of online resources. Each pair’s interactional patterns and dynamics of peer scaffolding across the two settings were examined. The findings show that the availability of online resources fosters a variety of interaction characteristics among learners with varied collaboration orientation. Results also suggest that learners’ collaboration predisposition at the onset plays a critical role in influencing the way they used online resources to support their interaction. This study thus suggests that learners’ collaborative patterns and their use of online resources have mutual impact, which may inform teachers seeking to integrate online resources to enhance their students’ collaborative learning.

Type
Regular papers
Copyright
© European Association for Computer Assisted Language Learning 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bradley, L., Lindström, B. & Rystedt, H. (2010) Rationalities of collaboration for language learning in a wiki. ReCALL, 22(2): 247265. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344010000108 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brand-Gruwel, S., Wopereis, I. & Walraven, A. (2009) A descriptive model of information problem solving while using internet. Computers & Education, 53(4): 12071217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2009.06.004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, F. A. (2008) Collaborative learning in the EAP classroom: Students’ perceptions. ESP World, 17: 118.Google Scholar
Brown, J. S., Collins, A. & Duguid, P. (1989) Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18(1): 3242. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X018001032 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruce, C. S. (1997) The seven faces of information literacy. Adelaide: Auslib Press.Google Scholar
Bull, K. S., Shuler, P., Overton, R., Kimball, S., Boykin, C. & Griffin, J. (1999) Processes for developing scaffolding in a computer mediated learning environment. Conference Proceedings of the American Council on Rural Special Education (ACRES). Albuquerque, New Mexico, 25–27 March.Google Scholar
Chang, C.-S., Liu, E. Z.-F., Lee, C.-Y., Chen, N.-S., Hu, D.-C. & Lin, C.-H. (2011) Developing and validating a media literacy self-evaluation scale (MLSS) for elementary school students. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 10(2): 6371.Google Scholar
Chung, C.-W., Lee, C.-C. & Liu, C.-C. (2013) Investigating face-to-face peer interaction patterns in a collaborative Web discovery task: The benefits of a shared display. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 29(2): 188206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2729.2012.00493.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crook, C. (1994) Computers and the collaborative experience of learning. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
de Guerrero, M. C. M. & Villamil, O. S. (2000) Activating the ZPD: Mutual scaffolding in LS peer revision. The Modern Language Journal, 84(1): 5168. https://doi.org/10.1111/0026-7902.00052 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dillenbourg, P., Baker, M., Blaye, A. & O’Malley, C. (1996) The evolution of research on collaborative learning. In Reimann, P. & Spada, H. (eds.), Learning in humans and machines: Towards an interdisciplinary learning science. Oxford: Elsevier, 189211.Google Scholar
Dobao, A. F. & Blum, A. (2013) Collaborative writing in pairs and small groups: Learners’ attitudes and perceptions. System, 41(2): 365378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2013.02.002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donato, R. (1994) Collective scaffolding in second language learning. In Lantolf, J. P. & Appel, G. (eds.), Vygotskian approaches to second language research. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 3356.Google Scholar
Foster, P. & Ohta, A. S. (2005) Negotiation for meaning and peer assistance in second language classrooms. Applied Linguistics, 26(3): 402430. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/ami014 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greene, J. A. & Azevedo, R. (2010) The measurement of learners’ self-regulated cognitive and metacognitive processes while using computer-based learning environments. Educational Psychologist, 45(4): 203209. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2010.515935 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutiérrez, G. A. G. (2006) Sociocultural theory and its application to CALL: A study of the computer and its relevance as a mediational tool in the process of collaborative activity. ReCALL, 18(2): 230251. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344006000620 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hannafin, M. J. & Land, S. M. (1997) The foundations and assumptions of technology-enhanced student-centered learning environments. Instructional Science, 25(3): 167202. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002997414652 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hobrom, A. I. (2004) Online resources and learner autonomy: A study of college-level students of Arabic (Doctoral dissertation). University of Texas at Austin, unpublished PhD.Google Scholar
Hsieh, Y. C. (2017) A case study of the dynamics of scaffolding among ESL learners and online resources in collaborative learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 30(1–2): 115132, https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2016.1273245 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, H. (2013) International students using online information resources to learn: Complex experience and learning needs. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 37(1): 126146. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2011.644778 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IELTS-Exam.net. (n.d.) Academic writing sample task 1 #62. Retrieved from http://www.ielts-exam.net/academic_writing_samples_task_1/639/ Google Scholar
IELTS-Exam.net. (n.d.) Academic writing sample task 1 #49. Retrieved from http://www.ielts-exam.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=473&Itemid=32 Google Scholar
Ishii, D. N. (2011) Paired learners’ verbalised strategies for determining grammatical correctness: A turn-based system for coding metatalk. Language Awareness, 20(4): 359377. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658416.2011.598525 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Järvelä, S., Kirschner, P. A., Panadero, E., Malmberg, J., Phielix, C., Jaspers, J., Koivuniemi, M. & Järvenoja, H. (2015) Enhancing socially shared regulation in collaborative learning groups: Designing for CSCL regulation tools. Educational Technology Research & Development, 63(1): 125142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-014-9358-1 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeong, H., Hmelo-Silver, C. E. & Yu, Y. (2014) An examination of CSCL methodological practices and the influence of theoretical frameworks 2005–2009. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 9(3): 305334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11412-014-9198-3 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T. & Smith, K. A. (1998) Cooperative learning returns to college: What evidence is there that it works?Change, 30(4): 2635. https://doi.org/10.1080/00091389809602629 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, M. C. & Hannafin, M. J. (2011) Scaffolding problem solving in technology-enhanced learning environments (TELEs): Bridging research and theory with practice. Computers & Education, 56(2): 403417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.08.024 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, Y. & McDonough, K. (2008) The effect of interlocutor proficiency on the collaborative dialogue between Korean as a second language learners. Language Teaching Research, 12(2): 211234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168807086288 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuiper, E., Volman, M. & Terwel, J. (2009) Developing Web literacy in collaborative inquiry activities. Computers & Education, 52(3): 668680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2008.11.010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larson-Guenette, J. (2013) “It’s just reflex now:” German language learners’ use of online resources. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 46(1): 6274. https://doi.org/10.1111/tger.10129 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leu, D. J. Jr., Kinzer, C. K., Coiro, J. L. & Cammack, D. W. (2004) Toward a theory of new literacies emerging from the Internet and other information and communication technologies. In Ruddell, R. B. & Unrau, N. J. (eds.), Theoretical models and processes of reading (5th ed.). Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 15701613.Google Scholar
Lin, C.-C., Chan, H.-J., & Hsiao, H.-S. (2011) EFL students’ perceptions of learning vocabulary in a computer-supported collaborative environment. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 10(2): 9199.Google Scholar
Lund, A. (2008) Wikis: A collective approach to language production. ReCALL, 20(1): 3554. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344008000414 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mavrou, K., Lewis, A. & Douglas, G. (2010) Researching computer-based collaborative learning in inclusive classrooms in Cyprus: The role of the computer in pupils’ interaction. British Journal of Educational Technology, 41(3): 486501. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.00960.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myhill, D. & Newman, R. (2016) Metatalk: Enabling metalinguistic discussion about writing. International Journal of Educational Research, 80: 177187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2016.07.007 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nussbaum, M., Alvarez, C., McFarlane, A., Gomez, F., Claro, S. & Radovic, D. (2009) Technology as small group face-to-face collaborative scaffolding. Computers & Education, 52(1): 147153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2008.07.005 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peters, M., Weinberg, A., Sarma, N. & Frankoff, M. (2011) From the mouths of Canadian university students: Web-based information-seeking activities for language learning. CALICO Journal, 28(3): 621638. https://doi.org/10.11139/cj.28.3.621-638 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petra, S. F., Jaidin, J. H., Perera, J. S. H. Q. & Linn, M. (2016) Supporting students to become autonomous learners: The role of web-based learning. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 33(4): 263275. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-05-2016-0017 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raes, A., Schellens, T., De Wever, B. & Vanderhoven, E. (2012) Scaffolding information problem solving in web-based collaborative inquiry learning. Computers & Education, 59(1): 8294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.11.010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roschelle, J. & Teasley, S. D. (1995) The construction of shared knowledge in collaborative problem solving. In O’Malley, C. (ed.), Computer supported collaborative learning. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 6997. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85098-1_5 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
She, H.-C., Cheng, M.-T., Li, T.-W., Wang, C.-Y., Chiu, H.-T., Lee, P.-Z., Chou, W.-C. & Chuang, M. H. (2012) Web-based undergraduate chemistry problem-solving: The interplay of task performance, domain knowledge and web-searching strategies. Computers & Education, 59(2): 750761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.02.005 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stahl, G., Koschmann, T. & Suthers, D. D. (2006) Computer-supported collaborative learning: A historical perspective. In Sawyer, R. K. (ed.), Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 409426. Retrieved from http://gerrystahl.net/cscl/CSCL_English.pdf Google Scholar
Storch, N. (2001) How collaborative is pair work? ESL tertiary students composing in pairs. Language Teaching Research, 5(1): 2953. https://doi.org/10.1177/136216880100500103 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2002a) Patterns of interaction in ESL pair work. Language Learning, 52(1): 119158. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9922.00179 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2002b) Relationships formed in dyadic interaction and opportunity for learning. International Journal of Educational Research, 37(3-4): 305322. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-0355(03)00007-7 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suthers, D. (2005) Technology affordances for intersubjective learning: A thematic agenda for CSCL. Paper presented at the International Conference of Computer Support for Collaborative Learning (CSCL 2005), Taipei, Taiwan, 30 May–4 June. https://doi.org/10.3115/1149293.1149380 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swain, M. (1995) Three functions of output in second language learning. In Cook, B. & Seidlhofer, B. (eds.), Principle and practice in applied linguistics: Studies in honour of H. G. Widdowson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 125144.Google Scholar
Swain, M. (2006) Languaging, agency and collaboration in advanced second language learning. In Byrnes, H. (ed.), Advanced language learning: The contributions of Halliday and Vygotsky. London: Continuum, 95108.Google Scholar
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978) Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Watanabe, Y. & Swain, M. (2007) Effects of proficiency differences and patterns of pair interaction on second language learning: Collaborative dialogue between adult ESL learners. Language Teaching Research, 11(2): 121142. https://doi.org/10.1177/136216880607074599 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wegerif, R. & Mercer, N. (1996) Computers and reasoning thorough talk in the classroom. Language and Education, 10(1): 4764. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500789608666700 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, D., Bruner, J. S. & Ross, G. (1976) The role of tutoring in problem solving. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 17(2): 89100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1976.tb00381.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed