Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T08:59:48.505Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Développements récents sur les détecteurs cryogéniques, applications dans la recherche et l’industrie

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2005

E. Leblanc*
Affiliation:
Bureau national de métrologie, Laboratoire national Henri Becquerel, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Get access

Abstract

Les performances remarquables des détecteurs fonctionnant à très basse température ont franchi les limites inhérentes aux détecteurs conventionnels à semi-conducteur ou à scintillateur. Ceci s’explique par les principes physiques de détection exploités par les différentes technologies développées aujourd’hui. L’élégance de ces technologies est de mettre en jeu la création de quanta d’énergie inférieure de trois à quatre ordres de grandeur par rapport à celle des détecteurs classiques. Les très faibles fluctuations statistiques du nombre de quanta créés pour une interaction donnent ainsi accès à des seuils de détection et des résolutions en énergie meilleurs de un à deux ordres de grandeur. De plus le rendement de détection n’est pas limité à basse énergie comme dans le cas des semi-conducteurs en germanium ou en silicium. Les détecteurs cryogéniques sont aujourd’hui développés et utilisés dans des applications multiples (caméras pour télescopes, spectromètres imageurs, analyse de matériaux par fluorescence X, mesure d’activité, ...), qui recouvrent la détection des rayonnements sub-millimétriques, infrarouges, UV, X, gamma, bêta et des particules alpha. L’apparition très récente sur le marché de réfrigérateurs sans liquide cryogénique et très simples d’utilisation ouvre de nouvelles perspectives d’applications industrielles de ces détecteurs.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bleile A., Egehof P., Kraft S., Mc Cammon D., Meier H. J., Shrivastava A., Stahle C.K., Weber W. (2002) Calorimetric low temperature Detectors for high resolution X-ray spectroscopy on stored highly stripped heavy ions, Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Madison, Wisconsin, 2001 (F.S. Porter et al., Eds.), AIP Conference Proceedings, Melville, New York, pp. 409-412.
Brekosky, R. et al. (2004) Fabrication processes responsible for fundamentally improving silicon X-ray microcalorimeter arrays, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 439-442. CrossRef
Bruijn, M.P. et al. (2004) Development of an array of transition edge sensors for applications in X-ray astronomy, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 443-445. CrossRef
Burney, J. et al. (2004) Development and characterization of a TES optical imaging array for astrophysics applications, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 533-536. CrossRef
Dawson, R.B., Maillard, J., Maurel, G., Silva, J., Waysand, G. (2004) Superheated superconducting grains (SSG) in high density dielectric matrix (HDDM): feasibility of a positron emission tomography, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 628-630. CrossRef
De Marcillac, P. et al. (2003) Experimental detection of alpha particles from the radioactive decay of natural bismuth, Nature 422, 876-878. CrossRef
Fleischmann, A., Link, M., Daniyarov, T., Rotzinger, H., Enss, C., Seidel, G.M. (2004) Metallic magnetic calorimeters : detectors for high resolution X‑ray spectroscopy, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 27-31. CrossRef
Friedrich, S. (2004) Biological applications of cryogenic detectors, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 621-624. CrossRef
Fujimoto, R. et al. (2004) TES microcalorimeter development for future japanese X-ray astronomy missions, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 431-434. CrossRef
Hilton, G.C. et al. (2004) Fabrication of the SCUBA-2 detector arrays, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 483-486. CrossRef
Hollerith, C. et al. (2004) Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with microcalorimeters, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 606-609. CrossRef
Huber M. et al. (2004) Characterization of Al-STJ based X-ray detector with monochromatized synchrotron radiation, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 234-236.
Kraft, S. et al. (2004) First application of calorimetric low temperature detectors in accelerator mass spectrometry, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 63-66. CrossRef
Lindeman M.A. et al. (2004) Performance of compact TES-arrays with integrated high fill fraction X-ray absorbers, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 411-413.
Loidl, M., Leblanc, E., Branger, T., Rotzinger, H., Daniyarov, T., Linck, M., Fleischmann, A., Enss, C. (2004) Feasibility study of absolute activity measurement with metallic magnetic microcalorimeters, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 73-75. CrossRef
Martin, D., Verhoeve, P., Dordrecht, A., Verveer, J., Hijmering, R. (2004) A 12x10 pixels superconducting tunnel junction array based spectrophotometer for optical astronomy, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 512-515. CrossRef
Nakamura, T., Katagiri, M., Ukibe, M., Ikeuchi, T., Ohkubo, M. (2004) Neutron detection by superconducting tunnel junctions with Li2B4O7 single crystal absorber, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 67-69. CrossRef
Rutzinger, S., Christ, P., Pröbst, F., Seidel, W., Uchaikin, S., Stark, M. (2004) Development of a superconducting-phase-transition thermometer (SPT) for the application in a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) for heavy-mass molecules, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Genoa, Italy, July 2003 (F. Gatti, Ed.), Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 520, 625-627. CrossRef
Silver E. et al. (2002) X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy with NTD germanium-based microcalorimeters, Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Madison, Wisconsin, 2001 (F.S. Porter et al., Eds.) AIP Conference Proceedings, Melville, New York, pp. 555-558.