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Use of the Radiocarbon Activity Deficit in Vegetation as a Sensor of CO2 Soil Degassing: Example from La Solfatara (Naples, Southern Italy)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 December 2017

Jean-Claude Lefevre ,
Pierre-Yves Gillot ,
Carlo Cardellini ,
Marceau Gresse ,
Louis Lesage ,
Giovani Chiodini  and
Christine Oberlin
Jean-Claude Lefevre*
Affiliation:
Univ Lyon, CNRS, ARAR UMR 5138 – Centre de Datation par le Radiocarbone, Villeurbanne, France
Pierre-Yves Gillot
Affiliation:
Université Paris Saclay – GEOPS, Université Paris Sud – CNRS, Orsay, France
Carlo Cardellini
Affiliation:
Università di Perugia – Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologica, Perugia, Italy
Marceau Gresse
Affiliation:
Université Paris Saclay – GEOPS, Université Paris Sud – CNRS, Orsay, France
Louis Lesage
Affiliation:
Université Paris Saclay – GEOPS, Université Paris Sud – CNRS, Orsay, France
Giovani Chiodini
Affiliation:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di Bologna Ringgold Standard Institution – INGV, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Christine Oberlin
Affiliation:
Univ Lyon, CNRS, ARAR UMR 5138 – Centre de Datation par le Radiocarbone, Villeurbanne, France
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected].
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Abstract

Soil CO2 flux measurement is a key method that can be used to monitor the hazards in an active volcanic area. In order to determine accurately the variations of the CO2 soil emission we propose an approach based on the radiocarbon (14C) deficiency recorded in the plants grown in and around the Solfatara (Naples, Italy). We twice sampled selected poaceae plants in 17 defined sites around the Solfatara volcano. 14C measurements by liquid scintillation counting (LSC) were achieved on the grass samples. The 14C deficiency determined in the sampled plants, compared to the atmosphere 14C activity, ranged from 6.6 to 51.6%. We then compared the proportion of magmatic CO2 inferred to the instantaneous measurements of CO2 fluxes from soil performed by the accumulation chamber CO2 degassing measurement at the moment of the sampling at each site. The results show a clear correlation (r=0.88) between soil CO2 fluxes and 14C activity. The determination of the plants 14C deficiency provides an estimate of the CO2 rate within a few square meters, integrating CO2 soil degassing variations and meteorological incidences over a few months. It can therefore become an efficient bio-sensor and can be used as a proxy to cartography of the soil CO2 and to determine its variations through time

Keywords

bio-sensorCO2 soil degassingfumarolic activityPhlegrean Fieldsvolcanism
Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 60 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 549 - 560
Copyright
© 2017 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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