Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T19:33:15.200Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Determining 14C Content in Different Human Tissues: Implications for Application of 14C Bomb-Spike Dating in Forensic Medicine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 February 2016

Lucio Calcagnile*
Affiliation:
CEDAD-Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Gianluca Quarta
Affiliation:
CEDAD-Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Cristina Cattaneo
Affiliation:
LABANOF, Department of Human Morphology and Biomedical Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
Marisa D'Elia
Affiliation:
CEDAD-Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
*
2Corresponding author. Email: [email protected].

Abstract

Various samples extracted from human tissues (with different radiocarbon turnover rates) of a post-bomb human body were submitted to accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating: hair; a cortical fraction of a skull bone; a trabecular fraction of a pubic symphysis; and enamel extracted from permanent teeth with different dates of formation were analyzed. The analyzed samples showed varying 14C concentrations corresponding to different times of formation or different turnover rates. The implications of the results in forensics studies are discussed.

Type
Unusual Applications of 14C Measurement
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Calcagnile, L, Quarta, G, D'Elia, M, Rizzo, A, Gottdang, A, Klein, M, Mous, DJW. 2004a. A new accelerator mass spectrometry facility in Lecce, Italy. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 223–224: 1620.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calcagnile, L, Quarta, G, D'Elia, M, Gottdang, A, Klein, M, Mous, DJW. 2004b. Radiocarbon precision tests at the Lecce AMS facility using a sequential injection system. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research 215(3–4):561–4.Google Scholar
Calcagnile, L, Quarta, G, D'Elia, M. 2005. High resolution accelerator-based mass spectrometry: precision, accuracy and background. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 62(4):623–9.Google Scholar
Cook, G, Dunbar, E, Black, SM, Xu, S. 2006. A preliminary assessment of age at death determination using the nuclear weapons testing 14C activity of dentine and enamel. Radiocarbon 48(3):305–13.Google Scholar
D'Elia, M, Calcagnile, L, Quarta, G, Rizzo, A, Sanapo, C, Laudisa, M, Toma, U, Rizzo, A. 2004. Sample preparation and blank values at the AMS radiocarbon facility of the University of Lecce. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 223–224:278–83.Google Scholar
Gianfrate, G, D'Elia, M, Quarta, G, Giotta, L, Valli, L, Calcagnile, L. 2007. Qualitative application based on IR spectroscopy for bone sample quality control in radiocarbon dating. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 259(1):316–9.Google Scholar
Levin, I, Kromer, B. 2004. The tropospheric 14CO2 level in mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Radiocarbon 46(3):1261–72.Google Scholar
Levin, I, Hammer, S, Kromer, B, Meinhardt, F. 2008. Radiocarbon observations in atmospheric CO2: determining fossil fuel CO2 over Europe using Jungfraujoch observations as background. Science of the Total Environment 391(2–3):211–6.Google Scholar
Longin, R. 1971. New method of collagen extraction for radiocarbon dating. Nature 230(5291):241–2.Google Scholar
Marzaioli, F, Fiumano, V, Capano, M, Passariello, I, De Cesare, N, Terrasi, F. 2011. Forensic applications of 14C at CIRCE. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics-Research B 269(24):3171–5.Google Scholar
Nolla, CM. 1960. The development of permanent teeth. Journal of Dentistry for Children 27:254–66.Google Scholar
Norton, GA. 2011. Interlaboratory variability of radiocarbon results obtained from blind AMS analyses on several modern carbon samples. Radiocarbon 53(3):551–6.Google Scholar
Quarta, G, D'Elia, M, Valzano, D, Calcagnile, L. 2005. New bomb pulse radiocarbon records from annual tree rings in the Northern Hemisphere temperate region. Radiocarbon 47(1):2730.Google Scholar
Spalding, KL, Buchholz, BA, Bergman, L-E, Druid, H, Frisén, J. 2005. Age written in teeth by nuclear tests. Nature 437(7057):333–4.Google Scholar
Tuniz, C, Zoppi, U, Hotchkis, MAC. 2004. Sherlock Holmes counts the atoms. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 213:469–75.Google Scholar
Ubelaker, DH, Parra, RC. 2011. Radiocarbon analysis of dental enamel and bone to evaluate date of birth and death: perspective from the Southern Hemisphere. Forensic Science International 208(1–3):103–7.Google Scholar
Ubelaker, DH, Buchholz, BA, Stewart, JEB. 2006. Analysis of artificial radiocarbon in different skeletal and dental tissue types to evaluate date of death. Journal of Forensic Sciences 51(3):484–8.Google Scholar
Wild, EM, Arlamovsky, KA, Golser, R, Kutschera, W, Priller, A, Puchegger, S, Rom, W, Steier, P, Vycudilik, W. 2000. 14C dating with the bomb peak: an application to forensic medicine. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B 172(1–4):944–50.Google Scholar
Zoppi, U, Skopec, Z, Skopec, J, Jones, G, Fink, D, Hua, Q, Jacobsen, G, Tuniz, A, Williams, A. 2004. Forensic applications of 14C bomb-pulse dating. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 223–224: 770–5.Google Scholar