Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T08:35:38.609Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Submarine push moraine formation during the early Fennoscandian Ice Sheet deglaciation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

J.S. Laberg ,
R.S. Eilertsen ,
G.R. Salomonsen  and
T.O. Vorren
J.S. Laberg*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
R.S. Eilertsen
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
G.R. Salomonsen
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
T.O. Vorren
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address:[email protected] (J.S. Laberg).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The glacial history in the topographically confined paleo-ice stream drainage route of Vestfjorden, North Norway, was analysed based on bathymetric data, high-resolution seismology and 14C AMS-dated gravity cores. The inner part of the fjord is characterised by axial-parallel mega-scale lineations whereas the outer part is dominated by two marginal morainal bank systems. The Værøy (inner) and Røst (outer) marginal moraine systems comprise several transverse, zigzag-shaped ridges. Seismic records show thrusted and folded sediment blocks within the ridges. The landforms are inferred to reflect basal processes and the transition from warm-based (inner fjord) to cold-based (outer fjord) conditions, i.e. fast flow followed by basal freeze-on, sediment deformation and morainal bank formation. The moraines formed during the final part of two paleo-ice sheet re-advances. 14C AMS dating indicates a maximum age of 13.7 14C ka BP (16.2 cal ka BP) for the Røst system whereas the Værøy system is inferred to be slightly older than 12.5 14C ka BP (14.5 cal ka BP). This demonstrates that the northern part of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet behaved in a much more dynamic way during the early deglaciation than previously assumed.

Keywords

Push morainesSubglacial landformsLate Weichselian deglaciationFennoscandian Ice SheetPaleoclimate
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , May 2007 , pp. 453 - 462
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1 Geological Survey of Norway, Polarmiljøsenteret, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
2 Present address: Norconsult, P.O. Box 110, N-3191 Horten, Norway.

References

Aarseth, I., Austbø, P.K., and Risnes, H. Seismic stratigraphy of Younger Dryas ice-marginal deposits in western Norwegian fjords. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 77, (1997). 65–85.Google Scholar
Andersen, B.G., Bøen, F., Nydal, R., Rasmussen, A., and Vallevik, P.N. Radiocarbon dates of marginal moraines in Nordland, North Norway. Geografiska Annaler 63A, 3–4 (1981). 155–160.Google Scholar
Andreassen, K., Nilssen, L.C., Rafaelsen, B., and Kuilman, L. Three-dimensional seismic data from the Barents Sea margin reveal evidence of past ice streams and their dynamics. Geology 32, (2004). 729–732.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andreassen, K., Ødegaard, C.M., and Rafaelsen, B. Imprints of former ice streams imaged and interpreted using industry 3D seismic data from the south-western Barents Sea. Davies, R.J., Posamentier, H.W., Wood, L.J., and Cartwright, J.A. Seismic Geomorphology: Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 277, (2007). 151–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumann, K.-H., Lackschewitz, K.S., Mangerud, J., Spielhagen, R., Wolf-Welling, T.C.W., Henrich, R., and Kassens, H. Reflection of Scandinavian Ice Sheet fluctuations in Norwegian Sea sediments during the past 150,000 years. Quaternary Research 43, (1995). 185–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bergstrøm, B., Olsen, L., and Sveian, H. The Tromsø–Lyngen glacial readvance (early Younger Dryas) at Hinnøya–Ofotfjorden, northern Norway: a reassessment. Bulletin-Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 445, (2005). 73–88.Google Scholar
Bondevik, S., Birks, H.H., Gulliksen, S., and Mangerud, J. Late Weichselian marine 14C reservoir ages at the western coast of Norway. Quaternary Research 52, (1999). 104–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bondevik, S., Mangerud, J., and Gulliksen, S. The marine 14C age of the Vedde Ash Bed along the west coast of Norway. Journal of Quaternary Science 16, (2001). 3–7.3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bondevik, S., Mangerud, J., Birks, H., Gulliksen, S., and Reimer, P. Changes in North Atlantic radiocarbon reservoir ages during the Allerød and Younger Dryas. Science 312, (2006). 1514–1517.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boulton, G.S., van der Meer, J.J.M., Beets, D.J., Hart, J.K., and Ruegg, G.H.J. The sedimentary and structural evolution of a recent push moraine complex: Holmstrømbreen, Spitsbergen. Quaternary Science Reviews 18, (1999). 339–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canals, M., Urgeles, R., and Calafat, A. Deep sea-floor evidence of past ice streams off the Antarctic Peninsula. Geology 28, (2000). 31–34.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canals, M., Casamor, J.L., Urgeles, R., Calafat, A.M., Domack, E.W., Baraza, J., Farran, M., and De Batist, M. Seafloor evidence of a subglacial sedimentary system off the northern Antarctic Peninsula. Geology 30, (2002). 603–606.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christoffersen, P., and Tulaczyk, S. Signature of palaeo-ice-stream stagnation: till consolidation induced by basal freeze-on. Boreas 32, (2003). 114–129.Google Scholar
Clark, C.D., Tulaczyk, S.M., Stokes, C.R., and Canals, M. A groove-ploughing theory for the production of mega-scale glacial lineations, and implications for ice-stream mechanics. Journal of Glaciology 49, (2003). 240–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conway, H., Hall, B.L., Denton, G.H., Gades, A.M., and Waddington, E.D. Past and future grounding-line retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Science 286, (1999). 280–283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corner, G.D. Preboreal deglaciation chronology and marine limits of the Lyngen–Storfjord area, Troms, North Norway. Boreas 9, (1980). 239–249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahlgren, K.I.T., and Vorren, T.O. Sedimentary environment and glacial history during the last 40 ka of the Vøring continental margin, mid-Norway. Marine Geology 193, (2003). 93–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haflidason, H., Eiriksson, J., and Van Kreveld, S. The tephrochronology of Iceland and the North Atlantic region during the Middle and Late Quaternary: a review. Journal of Quaternary Science 15, (2000). 3–22.Google Scholar
Hansbo, S. A new approach to the determination of the shear strength of clay by the Fall-Cone test. Royal Swedish Geotechnical Institute Proceedings 14, (1957). 1–47.Google Scholar
Grobe, H. A simple method for determination of ice rafted debris in sediment cores. Polarforschung 57, (1987). 123–126.Google Scholar
King, L.H. Till in the marine environment. Journal of Quaternary Science 8, (1993). 347–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kleman, J., Hättestrand, C., Borgström, I., and Stroeven, A. Fennoscandian palaeoglaciology reconstructed using a glacial geological inversion model. Journal of Glaciology 43, (1997). 283–299.Google Scholar
Laberg, J.S., Eilertsen, R., Salomonsen, G.R., and Vorren, T.O. Seismic facies and sea-floor morphology; implications for the deglaciation of a shelf—Inner fjord transect, North Norway. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 126, (2004). 121 (abstract) Google Scholar
Lyså, A., and Vorren, T.O. Seismic facies and architecture of ice-contact submarine fans in high-relief fjords, Troms, Northern Norway. Boreas 26, (1997). 309–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangerud, J. Ice sheet limits on Norway and the Norwegian continental shelf. Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. Quaternary Glaciations—Extent and Chronology vol. 1, (2004). Elsevier, Amsterdam, Europe. 271–294.Google Scholar
Mangerud, J., and Gulliksen, S. Apparent radiocarbon ages of Recent marine shell from Norway, Spitsbergen and Arctic Canada. Quaternary Research 5, (1975). 263–273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangerud, J., Andersen, S.T., Berglund, B.E., and Donner, J.J. Quaternary stratigraphy of Norden, a proposal for terminology and classification. Boreas 3, (1974). 109–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nygård, A., Sejrup, H.P., Haflidason, H., Cecchi, M., and Ottesen, D. Deglaciation history of the southwestern Fennoscandian Ice Sheet between 15 and 13 14C ka BP. Boreas 33, (2004). 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olsen, L. Mid and Late Weichselian, ice-sheet fluctuations northwest of the Svartisen glacier, Nordland, northern Norway. NGU—Bulletin 440, (2002). 39–52.Google Scholar
Ottesen, D., Rise, L., Knies, J., Olsen, L., and Henriksen, S. The Vestfjorden–Trænadjupet palaeo-ice stream drainage system, mid-Norwegian continental shelf. Marine Geology 218, (2005). 175–189.Google Scholar
Powell, R.D., and Domack, E.W. Glaciomarine environments. Chapter 13 Menzies, J. Glacial Environments—Processes, Sediments and Landforms. (1995). Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, USA. 445–486.Google Scholar
Pudsey, C.J., Barker, P.F., and Larter, R.D. Ice sheet retreat from the Antarctic Peninsula shelf. Continental Shelf Research 14, (1994). 1647–1675.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sigmond, E.M.D. (1992). Bedrock map of Norway and adjacent ocean areas. Scale 1:3 million. Geological Survey of Norway, .Google Scholar
Solheim, A. The depositional environment of surging sub-polar tidewater glaciers. Skrifter-Norsk Polarinstitutt 194, (1991). (97 p.)Google Scholar
Stokes, C.R., and Clark, C.D. Palaeo-ice streams. Quaternary Science Reviews 20, (2001). 1437–1457.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M., Reimer, P.J., Bard, E., Beck, J.W., Burr, G.S., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., McCormac, G., van der Plicht, J., and Spurk, M. INTCAL98 radiocarbon age calibration, 24,000–0 cal BP. Radiocarbon 40, 3 (1998). 1041–1083.Google Scholar
Syvitski, J.P.M. On the deposition of sediment within glacier-influenced fjords: oceanographic controls. Marine Geology 85, (1989). 301–329.Google Scholar
Syvitski, J.P.M., Andrews, J.T., and Dowdeswell, J.A. Sediment deposition in an iceberg-dominated glaciomarine environment, East Greenland: basin fill implications. Global and Planetary Change 12, (1996). 251–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sættem, J. Glacitectonic structures along the Barents shelf margin. Warren, W.P., and Croot, D.G. Formation and Deformation of Glacial Deposits. (1994). Balkerna, Rotterdam. 95–113.Google Scholar
Sættem, J., Poole, D.A.R., Ellingsen, L., and Sejrup, H.P. Glacial geology of outer Bjørmøyrenna, southwestern Barents Sea. Marine Geology 103, (1992). 15–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vogel, S.W., Tulaczyk, S., Kamb, B., Engelhardt, H., Carsey, F.D., Behar, A.E., Lane, A.L., and Joughin, I. Subglacial conditions during and after stoppage of an Antarctic Ice Stream: is reactivation imminent?. Geophysical Research Letters 32, (2005). L14502 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022563CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vorren, T.O., and Plassen, L. Deglaciation and palaeoclimate of the Andfjord–Vågsfjord area, North Norway. Boreas 31, (2002). 97–125.Google Scholar
Wessel, P., and Smith, W.H.F. Improved version of the Generic Mapping Tools released. EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union 79, (1998). 579 CrossRefGoogle Scholar