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Stratigraphic constraints on late Pleistocene glacial erosion and deglaciation of the Chukchi margin, Arctic Ocean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Leonid Polyak ,
Dennis A. Darby ,
Jens F. Bischof  and
Martin Jakobsson
Leonid Polyak*
Affiliation:
Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Dennis A. Darby
Affiliation:
Department of Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
Jens F. Bischof
Affiliation:
Department of Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
Martin Jakobsson
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
*
⁎Corresponding author. Fax: +1 614 292 4697. E-mail address:[email protected] (L. Polyak).
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Abstract

At least two episodes of glacial erosion of the Chukchi margin at water depths to ∼ 450 m and 750 m have been indicated by geophysical seafloor data. We examine sediment stratigraphy in these areas to verify the inferred erosion and to understand its nature and timing. Our data within the eroded areas show the presence of glaciogenic diamictons composed mostly of reworked local bedrock. The diamictons are estimated to form during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and an earlier glacial event, possibly between OIS 4 to 5d. Both erosional events were presumably caused by the grounding of ice shelves originating from the Laurentide ice sheet. Broader glaciological settings differed between these events as indicated by different orientations of flutes on eroded seafloor. Postglacial sedimentation evolved from iceberg-dominated environments to those controlled by sea-ice rafting and marine processes in the Holocene. A prominent minimum in planktonic foraminiferal δ18O is identified in deglacial sediments at an estimated age near 13,000 cal yr BP. This δ18O minimum, also reported elsewhere in the Amerasia Basin, is probably related to a major Laurentide meltwater pulse at the Younger Dryas onset. The Bering Strait opening is also marked in the composition of late deglacial Chukchi sediments.

Keywords

Chukchi marginArctic OceanLate PleistoceneLast glacial maximumLast deglaciationHoloceneSediment stratigraphyIce groundingGlaciomarine sedimentationMeltwater event
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 67 , Issue 2 , March 2007 , pp. 234 - 245
Copyright
University of Washington

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