Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T12:25:36.929Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A short note on the geo-archeological significance of the ancient Theodosius harbour (İstanbul, Turkey)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Oya Algan ,
M. Namık Yalçın ,
Mehmet Özdoğan ,
İsak Yılmaz ,
Erol Sarı ,
Elmas Kırcı-Elmas ,
Demet Ongan ,
Özlem Bulkan-Yeşiladalı ,
Yücel Yılmaz  and
İsmail Karamut
Oya Algan*
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Vefa, 34470, İstanbul, Turkey
M. Namık Yalçın
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Geological Engineering, Avcılar Campus, İstanbul, Turkey
Mehmet Özdoğan
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Faculty of Letters, Department of Archaeology, Beyazıt, İstanbul, Turkey
İsak Yılmaz
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Geological Engineering, Avcılar Campus, İstanbul, Turkey
Erol Sarı
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Vefa, 34470, İstanbul, Turkey
Elmas Kırcı-Elmas
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Vefa, 34470, İstanbul, Turkey
Demet Ongan
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Vefa, 34470, İstanbul, Turkey
Özlem Bulkan-Yeşiladalı
Affiliation:
İstanbul University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Geological Engineering, Avcılar Campus, İstanbul, Turkey
Yücel Yılmaz
Affiliation:
Kadir Has University, Cibali Campus, Haliç, İstanbul, Turkey
İsmail Karamut
Affiliation:
İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi Müdürlüğü, Gülhane, İstanbul, Turkey
*
⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address:[email protected] (O. Algan).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The sedimentary sequence discovered at archaeological excavations in ancient Theodosius Harbour at İstanbul contains the records of sea level, environmental changes and the cultural history of the region. The cobbles at the base of the sequence include archaeological remnants of Neolithic culture that settled in the area between 8.4 and 7.3 14C ka BP, and are located at 6 m below the present sea level. The sediments representing a coastal environment indicate that the area was used as a harbour from AD 4th to at least the 11th century and were filled by the sediments derived from Lykos Stream after 11th century.

Keywords

Sea of MarmaraIstanbulSea levelCoastal sedimentsHolocene transgressionNeolithicGeoarchaeology
Type
Short Paper
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 72 , Issue 3 , November 2009 , pp. 457 - 461
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aksu, A.E., Hiscott, R.N., and Yaşar, D. Oscillating Quaternary water levels of the Marmara Sea and vigorous outflow into the Aegean Sea from the Marmara Sea-Black Sea drainage corridor. Marine Geology 153, (1999). 275–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aksu, A.E., Hiscott, R.N., Kaminski, M.A., Mudie, P.J., Gillespie, H., Abrajano, T., and Yaşar, D. Last glacial-Holocene paleoceanography of the Black Sea and Marmara Sea: stable isotopic, foraminiferal and coccolith evidence. Marine Geology 190, (2002). 119–149.Google Scholar
Algan, O., Yalçın, M.N., Yılmaz, Y., Perinçek, D., Özdoğan, M., Yılmaz, İ., Meriç, E., Sarı, E., Kırcı-Elmas, E., Ongan, D., Bulkan-Yeşiladalı, Ö., Danışman, G., Özbal, H., (2007). Antik Theodosius Yenikapı Limanının Jeoarkeolojik Önemi: Geç-Holosen ortam değişimleri ve İstanbul'un son 10 000 yıllık kültürel tarihi. In: Gün Işığında İstanbul'un 8000 Yılı, Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet kazıları. Vehbi Koç Vakfı-İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri, İstanbul. pp. 242–245. (In Turkish).Google Scholar
Chepalyga, A.L. Inland sea basins. Velichleo, A.A., Wright, H.E., and Barnosky, C.W. Late Quaternary Environments of the Soviet Union. (1984). University of Minnesota Press, Mineapolis. 229–247.Google Scholar
Çağatay, M.N., Görür, N., Algan, O., Eastoe, C., Tchapalyga, A., Ongan, D., Kuhn, T., and Kuşcu, İ Last glacial-Holocene palaeoceanography of the Sea of Marmara: timing of the last connections with the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Marine Geology 167, (2000). 191–206.Google Scholar
Fedorov, P.V. The Pleistocene of the Ponto-Caspian. (1978). Nauka Press, Moscow. 168 pp Google Scholar
Kızıltan, Z., (2007). Marmaray Projesi ve İstanbul'un “gün ışığına çıkan” 8000 yıl. In: Gün Işığında İstanbul'un 8000 Yılı. Marmaray, Metro ve Sultanahmet Kazıları. Vehbi Koç Vakfı- İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri, İstanbul., pp. 18–22. (In Turkish).Google Scholar
Meriç, E., Algan, O., (2007). Paleoenvironments of the Marmara Sea (Turkey) coasts from paleontological and sedimentological data. Quaternary International, 167–168., 128–148.Google Scholar
Özdoğan, M. Anatolia from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene Climatic Optimum: cultural transformations and the impact of the environmental setting. Paléorient 23, 2 (1997). 24–38.Google Scholar
Özdoğan, M. The Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara and Bronze Age Archaeology-an Archaeological Predicament. Wagner, G., Pernicka, E., and Uerpmann, H.P. Troia and the Troad. (2003). Springer, Berlin. 105–120.Google Scholar
Özdoğan, M. The Expansion of Neolithic Way of life. What We Know and What We Do Not Know. Lichter, C. How Did Farming Reach Europe? Anatolian-European relations from the second half of the 7th through the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC. Byzas vol. 2, (2005). Ege Yayınları, İstanbul. 13–27.Google Scholar
Özdoğan, M. Neolithic cultures at the contact zone between Anatolia and the Balkans-Diversity and homogeneity at the Neolithic frontier. Gatsov, I., and Schwarzberg, H. Aegean-Marmara-Black Sea: The Present State of Research on the Early Neolithic. (2006). Langenweissbach, 21–28.Google Scholar
Özdoğan, M., (2007). Marmara Bölgesi Neolitik Çağ Kültürleri. In: Özdoğan, M. and Başgelen, N. (Eds.), Anadolu'da Uygarlığın Doğuşu ve Avrupa'ya Yayılımı. Türkiye'de Neolitik Dönem: Yeni Kazılar, Yeni Bulgular, Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, İstanbul., pp. 401–426. (text), 405–430. (Plates). (In Turkish).Google Scholar
Özdoğan, M. An alternative approach in tracing changes in demographic composition: the Westward Expansion of the Neolithic Way of Life. Bocquet-Appel, J., and Bar Yosef, O. The Neolithic Demographic Transition and its Consequences. (2008). Springer, Heidelberg. 139–178.Google Scholar
Parzinger, H., and Schwarzberg, H. Aşağı Pınar II. Die mittel-und spätneolithische Keramik. (2005). Verlag. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz.Google Scholar
Perinçek, D., Meriç, E., Pulak, C., Körpe, R., Yalçıner, A.C., Gökçay, M., Avşar, N., Nazik, A., Kozanlı, C., Kapan Yeşilyurt, S., ve Gökgöz, Z., (2007). Yenikapı Antik Liman Kazılarında Jeoarkeoloji Çalışmaları ve Yeni Bulgular. 60. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 16-22 Nisan 2007, Ankara.Google Scholar
Pulak, C., (2007). Yenikapı Bizans batıkları. In: Gün Işığında İstanbul'un 8000 Yılı, Marmaray, Metro, Sultanahmet kazıları, Vehbi Koç Vakfı- İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri, İstanbul., pp. 202–215.Google Scholar
Ryan, W.B.F., Pitmann, W.C., Major, C.O., Shimkus, K., Moskalenko, V., Jones, G.A., Dimitrov, P., Görür, N., Sakınç, M., and Yüce, H. An abrupt drowning of the Black Sea shelf. Marine Geology 138, (1997). 119–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryan, W.B.F., Major, C.O., Lericolais, G., and Goldstein, S.L. Catastrophic flooding of the Black Sea. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 31, (2003). 525–554.Google Scholar
Stanley, D.J., and Blanpied, C. Late Quaternary water exchange between the eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Nature 285, (1980). 537–541.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M., Reimer, P.J., Reimer, R., (2005). CALIB RADIOCARBON CALIBRATION PROGRAM. [http://calib.qub.ac.uk/calib].Google Scholar
Yanko-Hombach, V.V., (2007). Controversy over Noah's Flood in the Black Sea: geological and foraminiferal evidence from the shelf. In: Yanko-Hombach, V., Gilbert, A., Panin, N., Dolukhanov, P. (eds), The Black Sea Flood Question: Changes in Coastline, Climate, and Human Settlement.. NATO Science Series IV- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Kluwer Academic Press, Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands., pp.149–205.Google Scholar