Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T22:27:15.116Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pollen Indicators of Land-Use Change in Southern Connecticut

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Richard B. Brugam
Richard B. Brugam*
Affiliation:
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 USA
*
1Present address: Limnological Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Changes in fossil pollen assemblages from a 2-m core from Linsley Pond, North Branford, Connecticut, are compared with historically documented land use changes in the lake watershed. Dating with 210Pb and 14C reveals two sedimentation rate changes in the core which are associated with the arrival of European farmers; the building of cabins and suburban housing subdivisions on the lake shore. At European settlement in 1700 ad Ambrosia and Rumex pollen first appear, Gramineae-type pollen increases, and Tsuga decreases. Just before the beginning of agricultural disturbance Fagus pollen declines. The chestnut blight of 1913 causes a reduction of Castanea pollen and a subsequent vegetational succession through Betula to Quercus. The sedimentation rate determined by the chestnut blight horizon is consistent with the rate deduced from 210Pb analysis.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 9 , Issue 3 , May 1978 , pp. 349 - 362
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, T.W., 1974. The chestnut pollen decline as a time horizon in lake sediments in eastern North America. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 11, 678 685.Google Scholar
Bassett, I.J., Terasmae, J., 1962. Ragweeds, Ambrosia species in Canada and their history in post-glacial time. Canadian Journal of Botany. 40, 141 150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bazzaz, F.A., 1974. Ecophysiology of Ambrosia artemisiifolia: A successional dominant. Ecology. 55, 112 119.Google Scholar
Bradbury, J.P., Waddington, J.C.B., 1973. The impact of European development on Shagawa Lake, northeastern Minnesota, U.S.A.. Birks, H.J.B., West, R.G., Quaternary Plant Ecology. Blackwells, London, 289 307.Google Scholar
Braun, E.L., 1950 Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America. Blakiston, Philadelphia, Pa. Google Scholar
Brugam, R.B., 1975. The Human Disturbance History of Linsley Pond, North Branford, Connecticut. Ph.D. Thesis. Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Google Scholar
Bruland, K.W., Koide, M., Bowser, C., Maher, L.J., Goldberg, E.D., 1975. Lead-210 and pollen geochronologies on Lake Superior sediments. Quaternary Research. 5, 89 98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danhof, C.H., 1969 Change in Agriculture: The Northern States, 1820–1870. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. Google Scholar
Davis, M.B., 1965. Phytogeography and palynology of the northeastern United States. Wright, H.E. Jr., Frey, D.G., The Quaternary of the United States. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J, 377 401.Google Scholar
Davis, M.B., 1969. Climatic changes in southern Connecticut recorded by pollen deposition at Rogers Lake. Ecology. 50, 409 422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, M.B., 1973. Pollen evidence of changing land use around the shores of Lake Washington. Northwest Science. 47, 133 137.Google Scholar
Davis, M.B., 1976. Erosion rates and land use history in southern Michigan. Environment Conservation. 3, 139 148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, M.B., Brubaker, L.B., Beiswenger, J.M., 1971. Pollen grains in lake sediments: Pollen percentages in surface sediments in southern Michigan. Quaternary Research. 1, 450 467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, R.B., 1967. Pollen studies of near surface sediments in Main lakes. Cushing, E.J., Wright, H.E. Jr., Quaternary Paleoecology. Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn, 143 173.Google Scholar
Deevey, E.S., Stuiver, M., 1964. Distribution of natural isotopes of carbon in Linsley Pond and other New England lakes. Limnology and Oceanography. 9, 1 11.Google Scholar
Fernald, M.L., 1970 Gray's Manual of Botany. Van Nostrand, New York. Google Scholar
Hutchinson, G.E., 1957 A Treatise on Limnology. Vol. 1, Wiley, New York. Google Scholar
Iversen, J., 1941. Land occupation in Denmark's Stone Age. Danmarks Geologiske Undersoegelse (Afhandlinger). No. 66 Raekke 2.Google Scholar
Iversen, J., 1973. The development of Denmark's nature since the last glacial. Danmarks Geologiske Undersoegelse. No. 7-C (Afhandlinger), Raekke 5.Google Scholar
Janssen, C.R., 1967. A postglacial pollen diagram from a small Typha swamp in northwestern Minnesota, interpreted from pollen indicators and surface samples. Ecological Monographs. 37, 145 172.Google Scholar
Kharkar, D.P., Thomson, J., Turekian, K.K., Forster, W.O., 1976. Uranium and thorium decay series nuclides in plankton from the Caribbean. Limnology and Oceanography. 21, 296 301.Google Scholar
Krishnaswami, S., Lal, D., Martin, J.M., Meybeck, M., 1971. Geochronology of lake sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 11, 407 414.Google Scholar
Lehman, J.T., 1975. Reconstructing the rate of accumulation of lake sediment: The effect of sediment focusing. Quaternary Research. 5, 541 550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Likens, G.E., Davis, M.B., 1975. Post-glacial history of Mirror Lake and its watershed in New Hampshire, U. S. A. An initial report. Verhandlungen der Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie. 19, 982 993.Google Scholar
Linsley, R.K., 1948 Connecticut Linsleys: The Six Johns. Mimeographed manuscript.Google Scholar
Lutz, H.J., 1928. Trends of silvicultural significance of upland forest succession in southern New England. Yale School of Forestry Bulletin. 22, 1 68.Google Scholar
Maher, L., 1977. Palynological studies in the Western arm of Lake Superior. Quaternary Research. 7, 14 44.Google Scholar
McAndrews, J.H., 1976. Fossil history of man's impact on the Canadian flora: An example from southern Ontario. Bulletin of the Canadian Botanical Association. 9, 1 6 Supplement.Google Scholar
Nichols, G.E., 1914. The vegetation of Connecticut. III. Plant societies on uplands. Torreva. 14, 167 194.Google Scholar
Pennington, W., Cambray, R.S., Fisher, E.M., 1973. Observations on lake sediments using fallout 137Cs as a tracer. Nature (London). 242, 324 326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raup, H.M., Carlson, R.E., 1941. The history of land use in the Harvard Forest. Harvard Forest Bulletin. No. 20.Google Scholar
Rockey, J.L., 1892 History of New Haven County, Connecticut. New York.Google Scholar
Tsukada, M., Rowley, J.R., 1964. Identification of modern and fossil maize pollen. Grana Palynologica. 5, 406 412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swain, A.M., 1973. A history of fire and vegetation in northeastern Minnesota as recorded in lake sediments. Quaternary Research. 3, 383 396.Google Scholar
Webb, T., 1973. A comparison of modern and presettlement pollen from southern Michigan (U.S.A.). Review of Paleobotany and Palynology. 16, 137 156.Google Scholar
Woods, F.W., Shanks, R.E., 1958. Natural replacement of chestnut by other species in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Ecology. 40, 349 361.Google Scholar