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Pleistocene Climates in Central Europe: At least 17 Interglacials after the Olduvai Event

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Julius Fink  and
George J. Kukla
Julius Fink
Affiliation:
Geographic Institute, University of Wien, Wien, 1010 Austria
George J. Kukla
Affiliation:
CLIMAP, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, New York 10964 USA
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Abstract

At least 17 times during the past 1.7 million years, the deposition of loess containing characteristic cold-resistant gastropods was interrupted by the development of temperate interglacial forests. This conclusion was reached in a study of paleomagnetically dated fossiliferous loess sequences in Krems, Austria and Brno, Czechoslovakia. Sequences of windblown loess interlayered with hillwash loams and steppe and forest soils exposed in brickyards around Brno and Praha, Czechoslovakia, revealed eight major depositional cycles within the Brunhes paleomagnetic epoch. We now report nine additional cycles of late and middle Matuyama age bringing the total number of glacial-interglacial cycles to 17, which occurred after the end of the Olduvai. The cycles are separated by marklines, levels of abrupt environmental change correlative with the terminations in deep-sea sediments. They are the boundaries between the windblown loess containing cold-resistant snail assemblages and between the clayey originally decalcified soils, accompanied by warmth loving Helix and Banatica snail faunas of hardwood forests. Because the presence of temperate forests in northwestern and central Europe is instrumental in the definition of an interglacial, each markline represents a glacial-interglacial boundary and each cycle is a glacial-interglacial cycle.

Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 7 , Issue 3 , May 1977 , pp. 363 - 371
Copyright
University of Washington

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