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The origin and disappearance of the late Pleistocene–early Holocene short-lived coastal wetlands along the Carmel coast, Israel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Dorit Sivan ,
Noam Greenbaum ,
Ronit Cohen-Seffer ,
Guy Sisma-Ventura  and
Ahuva Almogi-Labin
Dorit Sivan*
Affiliation:
Department of Maritime Civilizations, School of Marine Studies and the Leon Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies (RIMS), University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel Haifa, 31905 Israel
Noam Greenbaum
Affiliation:
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel
Ronit Cohen-Seffer
Affiliation:
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel
Guy Sisma-Ventura
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
Ahuva Almogi-Labin
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malchei Yisrael St., Jerusalem 95501, Israel
*
⁎Corresponding author. Fax: + 972 4 8240493. E-mail address:[email protected] (D. Sivan).
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Abstract

The formation of short-lived backswamps along the Carmel coast of Israel coincides with the rapid global sea-level rise during the late Pleistocene–early Holocene transition. The current study shows that the wetland phenomena originated around 10,000 yr ago and dried up shortly before the local Pre-Pottery Neolithic humans settled on the wetland dark clay sediments 9430 cal yr BP. Palaeontological and stable-isotope data were used in this study to elucidate previously published sedimentological reconstruction obtained from a core drilled into the western trough of the Carmel coastal plain. The water body contained typical brackish calcareous fauna, with variable numerical abundance and low species richness of ostracods and foraminifera. The δ18O and δ13C of the ostracod Cyprideis torosa show close similarity to the present Pleistocene coastal aquifer isotopic values. This study therefore concludes that the wetlands were shallow-water bodies fed by groundwater, with no evidence of sea-water mixing. It seems that they developed as the result of high groundwater levels, transportation of sediments landward, and deposition of sand bars at the paleo-river mouths. It is still not fully understood why these wetlands deteriorated abruptly and disappeared within less than 1000 yr.

Keywords

Coastal wetlandsLate Pleistocene–early Holocene transitionIsraelSea-level rise
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 76 , Issue 1 , July 2011 , pp. 83 - 92
Copyright
University of Washington

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