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Human resilience and resettlement among the Islands of Four Mountains, Aleutians, Alaska

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2019

Virginia L. Hatfield ,
Kirsten Nicolaysen ,
Dixie L. West ,
Olga A. Krylovich ,
Kale M. Bruner ,
Arkady B. Savinetsky ,
Dmitry D. Vasyukov ,
Breanyn T. MacInnes ,
Bulat F. Khasanov  and
Lyman Persico
...Show all authors
Virginia L. Hatfield*
Affiliation:
Museum of the Aleutians, 314 Salmon Way, P.O. Box 648, Unalaska, Alaska 99685, USA
Kirsten Nicolaysen
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Whitman College, 345 Boyer Ave., Walla Walla, Washington 99362, USA
Dixie L. West
Affiliation:
Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
Olga A. Krylovich
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Historical Ecology, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Kale M. Bruner
Affiliation:
Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
Arkady B. Savinetsky
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Historical Ecology, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Dmitry D. Vasyukov
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Historical Ecology, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Breanyn T. MacInnes
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Science, Central Washington University, 400 E. University Way, Ellensburg, Washington 98926, USA
Bulat F. Khasanov
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Historical Ecology, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Lyman Persico
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Whitman College, 345 Boyer Ave., Walla Walla, Washington 99362, USA
Mitsuru Okuno
Affiliation:
Fukuoku University AIG Collaborative Research Institute for International Study on Eruptive History and Informatics (ACRIFIS-EHAI), Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
*
*Corresponding author e-mail address: [email protected]
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Abstract

Combined archaeological, ecological, and geologic research on Chuginadak and Carlisle Islands in the Islands of Four Mountains (IFM) probed questions about the sustainability of human settlements over the past 4000 years in the face of geologic, ecological, and social hazards. We use a human ecodynamics approach to frame the investigation and present original archaeological evidence from this poorly known region of the remote Aleutian Islands. Several village sites occupied during the last four millennia are clustered in locations that were not damaged by earthquake-induced tsunamis; however, new geologic evidence indicates that at least one volcanic eruption forced humans to abandon one or more prehistoric village sites. Combined archaeological, ecological, and geologic analyses demonstrate resilient Unangax̂ occupations of the IFM through long-term climate change as well as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions with occasional community vulnerability to volcanic eruptions.

Keywords

Four MountainsAleutiansArchaeologyPrehistoryRadiocarbon datesResilienceVolcanism
Type
Aleutians Special Issue
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 91 , Issue 3 , May 2019 , pp. 917 - 933
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019 

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