Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T22:01:40.881Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Extending the limits of the Borrobol Tephra to Scandinavia and detection of new early Holocene tephras

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Siwan M. Davies ,
Stefan Wastegård  and
Barbara Wohlfarth
Siwan M. Davies*
Affiliation:
Centre for Quaternary Research, Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, London, UK
Stefan Wastegård
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
Barbara Wohlfarth
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
*
*Corresponding author. Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Email Address:[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Analyses of two infilled lakes in Blekinge, southeast Sweden, indicate the presence of at least three tephra horizons of Termination 1 and early Holocene age. Geochemical analyses confirm the presence of the Borrobol Tephra, the Askja Tephra (10,000 14C yr B.P.), and one previously unreported tephra of Icelandic origin. Extending the limits of the Borrobol Tephra to Scandinavia illustrates that this ash is far more widespread than previously realized and is therefore, an important marker horizon for determining the rate and timing of the initial warming at the start of Greenland Interstade 1 (GI-1) within Europe. The relatively unknown Askja Tephra and the newly discovered Hässeldalen Tephra are stratigraphically placed at the Younger Dryas/Preboreal transition. This paper demonstrates the suitability and success associated with the extraction techniques for tracing microtephra horizons in areas distal to volcanic sources.

Type
Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 59 , Issue 3 , May 2003 , pp. 345 - 352
Copyright
Elsevier Science (USA)

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Björck, J, Andrén, T, Wastegård, S, Possnert, G, and Schoning, K An event stratigraphy for the Last-Glacial Holocene transition in eastern middle Sweden. results from investigations of varved clay and terrestrial sequences. Quaternary Science Reviews 21, (2002). 1489 1501.Google Scholar
Björck, S, Ingólfsson, O, Haflidason, H, Hallsdóttir, M, and Anderson, N.J Lake Torfadalsvatn. a high resolution record of the North Atlantic ash zone I and the last glacial-interglacial environmental changes in Iceland. Boreas 21, (1992). 15 22.Google Scholar
Björck, S, and Möller, S Late Weichselian environmental history in south eastern Sweden during the deglaciation of the Scandinavian ice sheet. Quaternary Research 28, (1987). 1 37.Google Scholar
Björck, S, Walker, M.J.C, Cwynar, L, Johnsen, S, Knudsen, K, Lowe, J.J, Wohlfarth, B INTIMATE Members An event stratigraphy for the Last Termination in the North Atlantic region based on the Greenland ice-core record. a proposal by the INTIMATE group. Journal of Quaternary Science 13, (1998). 283 292.Google Scholar
Boygle, J Variability of tephra in lake and catchment sediments, Svínavatn, Iceland. Global and Planetary Change 21, (1999). 129 149.Google Scholar
Brauer, A, Endres, C, Günter, C, Litt, T, Stebich, M, and Negendank, J.F.W High resolution sediment and vegetation responses to Younger Dryas climate change in varved lake sediments from Meerfelder Maar, Germany. Quaternary Science Reviews 18, (1999). 321 329.Google Scholar
Coope, G.R, and Lemdahl, G Regional differences in the Late-glacial climate of northern Europe based on coleopteran analysis. Journal of Quaternary Science 10, (1995). 391 395.Google Scholar
Coope, G.R, Lemdahl, G, Lowe, J.J, and Walkling, A Temperature gradients in northern Europe during the last glacial–Holocene transition (14-9 ka B.P.) interpreted from coleopteran assemblages. Journal of Quaternary Science 13, (1998). 419 433.Google Scholar
Davies, S.M., Branch, N.P., Lowe, J.J., Turney, C.S.M., (2002). Towards a European tephrochronological framework for Termination 1 and the early Holocene. in: Gröcke, D.R., Kucera, M. (Eds.), Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A. pp. 767–802.Google Scholar
Dugmore, A.J, Larsen, G, and Newton, A.J Seven tephra isochrones in Scotland. The Holocene 5, (1995). 226 257.Google Scholar
Eiríksson, J, Knudsen, K.L, Haflidason, H, and Henriksen, P Lateglacial and Holocene palaeoceanography of the North Icelandic shelf. Journal of Quaternary Science 15, (2000). 23 42.Google Scholar
Grönvold, K, Oskarsson, N, Johnsen, S.J, Clausen, H.B, Hammer, C.U, Bond, G, and Bard, E Ash layers from Iceland in the GRIP ice core correlated with oceanic and land sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 135, (1995). 149 155.Google Scholar
Haflidason, H, Eiríksson, J, and van Kreveld, S The tephrochronology of Iceland and the North Atlantic region during the Middle and Late Quaternary. a review. Journal of Quaternary Science 15, (2000). 3 22.Google Scholar
Hunt, J.B, and Hill, P.G Tephra geochemistry. a discussion of some persistent analytical problems. The Holocene 3, (1993). 271 278.Google Scholar
Imsland, P The petrology of Iceland. some general remarks. Nordic Volcanological Institute Report 7808, (1978). 1 19.Google Scholar
Kleissle, K, and Müller, H.M Neue Fundpunkte spätglazialer Bimsachsen im Nordosten der DDR. Geologie 18, (1969). 600 607.Google Scholar
Langdon, P.G, and Barber, K.E New Holocene tephras and a proxy climate record from a blanket mire in northern Skye, Scotland. Journal of Quaternary Science 16, (2001). 753 759.Google Scholar
Lowe, J.J Abrupt climatic changes in Europe during the last glacial–interglacial transition. the potential for testing hypotheses on the synchroneity of climatic events using tephrochronology. Global and Planetary Change 603, (2001). 73 84.Google Scholar
Lowe, J.J, Birks, H.H, Brooks, S.J, Coope, G.R, Harkness, D.D, Mayle, F.E, Sheldrick, C, Turney, C.S.M, and Walker, M.J.C The chronology of palaeoenvironmental changes during the Last Glacial-Holocene transition. towards an event stratigraphy for the British Isles. Journal of Geological Society, London 156, (1999). 397 410.Google Scholar
INTIMATE group Lowe, J.J, and Hoek, W.Z Inter-regional correlation of palaeoclimatic records for the Last Glacial–Interglacial Transition. a protocol for improved precision recommended by the INTIMATE project group. Quaternary Science Reviews 20, (2001). 1175 1187.Google Scholar
Mangerud, J, Lie, S.E, Furnes, H, Kristiansen, I.L, and Lomo, L A Younger Dryas ash bed in western Norway, and its possible correlation with tephra beds from the Norwegian Sea and North Atlantic. Quaternary Research 21, (1984). 85 104.Google Scholar
Merkt, J, Müller, H, Knabe, W, Müller, P, and Weiser, T The early Holocene Saksunarvatn tephra found in lake sediments in NW Germany. Boreas 22, (1993). 93 100.Google Scholar
Pilcher, J.R, and Hall, V.A Towards a tephrochronology for the Holocene of the north of Ireland. The Holocene 2, (1992). 255 259.Google Scholar
Pilcher, J.R, Hall, V.A, and McCormac, F.G An outline tephrochronology for the Holocene of the north of Ireland. Journal of Quaternary Science 11, (1996). 485 494.Google Scholar
Rose, N.L, Golding, P.N.E, and Battarbee, R.W Selective concentration and enumeration of tephra shards from lake sediment cores. The Holocene 6, (1996). 243 246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sigvaldason, G.E Volcanic and tectonic processes coinciding with glaciation and crustal rebound. an early Holocene rhyolitic eruption in the Dyngjufjöll volcanic centre and the formation of the Askja caldera, north Iceland. Bulletin of Volcanology 64, (2002). 192 205.Google Scholar
Sweatman, T.R, and Long, J.V.P Quantitative electron microprobe analysis of rock forming minerals. Journal of Petrology 7, (1969). 332 379.Google Scholar
Turney, C.S.M Extraction of rhyolitic ash from minerogenic lake sediments. Journal of Palaeolimnology 19, (1998). 199 206.Google Scholar
Turney, C.S.M, Harkness, D.D, and Lowe, J.J The use of microtephra horizons to correlate Late-glacial lake sediments successions in Scotland. Journal of Quaternary Science 12, (1997). 525 531.Google Scholar
Turney, C.S.M., Lowe, J.J., Wastegård, S., Cooper, R., Roberts, S.J., (2001). The development of a tephrochronological framework in the last glacial–Holocene transition in NW Europe. in: Juvigné, E., Raynal, J-P., (Eds.), “Tephras: chronologie, archéologie,” pp. 101–109.Google Scholar
Usinger, H., (1977). Bölling-Interstadial and Laacher Bimstuff in einem neuen Spätglazial-Profil aus dem Vallensgård Mose/Bornholm. Mit pollen-größenstatistischer Trennung der Birken. Geological Survey of Denmark, Yearbook. 5–29.Google Scholar
van den Bogaard, C, and Schmincke, H.-U Linking the North Atlantic to central Europe. a high resolution Holocene tephrochronological record from northern Germany. Journal of Quaternary Science 17, (2002). 3 20.Google Scholar
van den Bogaard, P, and Schmincke, H A widespread isochronous late Quaternary tephra layer in central and northern Europe. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 96, (1985). 1554 1571.Google Scholar
Wastegård, S., (2002). Early to middle Holocene silicic tephra horizons from the Katla volcanic system, Iceland: new results from the Faroe Islands. Journal of Quaternary Science 17, 723–730.Google Scholar
Wastegård, S, Björck, S, Possnert, G, and Wohlfarth, B Evidence for the occurrence of Vedde Ash in Sweden. radiocarbon and calendar age estimates. Journal of Quaternary Science 13, (1998). 227 271.Google Scholar
Wastegård, S, Turney, C.S.M, Lowe, J.J, and Roberts, S.J New discoveries of the Vedde Ash in southern Sweden and Scotland. Boreas 29, (2000). 72 78.Google Scholar
Wastegård, S, Wohlfarth, B, Subetto, D.A, and Sapelko, T.V Extending the known distribution of the Younger Dryas Vedde Ash into north western Russia. Journal of Quaternary Science 15, (2000). 581 586.Google Scholar
Westgate, J.A, and Gorton, M.P Correlation techniques in tephra studies. Self, S, and Sparks, R.S.J Tephra Studies. (1981). Dordecht, Reidel. 73 94.Google Scholar
Witte, H.J.L, Coope, G.R, Lemdahl, G, and Lowe, J.J Regression coefficients of thermal gradients in northwestern Europe during the last glacial–Holocene transition using beetle MCR data. Journal of Quaternary Science 13, (1998). 435 445.Google Scholar